Are Late-Born Young Soccer Players Less Mature Than Their Early-Born Peers, Although No Differences in Physical and Technical Performance Are Evident?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Type: Cross-Sectional Study (Level of Evidence 3)
2.2. Subjects
2.3. Procedures
2.4. Measurement of Standing Height and Body Weight
2.5. Sprint Test Protocol
2.6. Countermovement Jump (CMJ) Test Protocol
2.7. Soccer-Specific Tests
2.8. Speed Dribbling
2.9. Juggling
2.9.1. Juggling (Foot)
2.9.2. Juggling (Body)
2.9.3. Short Passing
2.9.4. Long Passing
2.10. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters Analysed | Minimum | Maximum | Average | Standard Deviation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Maturation, % | 72.60 | 100 | 94.60 | 4.70 |
CMJ, cm | 24.00 | 54.10 | 38.40 | 5 |
Age, years | 12.10 | 17.90 | 14.00 | 1.40 |
Height, cm | 116 | 199 | 174 | 10.30 |
Weight, kg | 32.60 | 96.40 | 64 | 11 |
Age, months | 146 | 215 | 184 | 16.60 |
Sprint 5, m/s | 0.88 | 1.28 | 1.09 | 0.06 |
Sprint 10, m/s | 1.60 | 2.12 | 1.83 | 0.09 |
Sprint 20, m/s | 2.78 | 3.71 | 3.13 | 0.16 |
Dribbling, s | 8.10 | 12.20 | 9.70 | 0.60 |
Juggling, points | 0 | 50 | 45.90 | 8.05 |
Short passes, points | 0 | 15 | 9.70 | 3.21 |
Long passes, points | 0 | 15 | 6.20 | 2.90 |
Q1 (n = 295) | Q2 (n = 174) | Q3 (n = 144) | Q4 (n = 65) | ANOVA p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maturation, % | 95.50 (95.10–96) | 94.90 (94.20–95.50) | 93.30 (92.40–94.20) | 92.70 (91.40–94) | <0.001 |
CMJ, cm | 38.80 (38.20–39.30) | 38.60 (37.80–39.30) | 37.90 (37.10–38.70) | 37.80 (36.4–39.20) | 0.25 |
Age, months | 187 (185–188) | 186 (183–188) | 180 (177–182) | 177 (173–181) | <0.01 |
Age, years | 15 | 15 | 14.60 | 14.30 | <0.001 |
Weight | 65.40 (64.30–66.60) | 64.80 (63.10–66.50) | 61.50 (59.60–63.40) | 61 (58.30–63.80) | <0.001 |
Height | 1.76 (1.75–1.77) | 1.75 (1.74–1.77 | 1.72 (1.70–1.73) | 1.72 (1.69–1.74) | <0.001 |
Sprint 5, m/s | 1.08 (1.07–1.09) | 1.08 (1.07–1.09) | 1.09 (1.08–1.10) | 1.09 (1.08–1.11) | 0.44 |
Sprint 10, m/s | 1.82 (1.81–1.83) | 1.83 (1.81–1.84) | 1.83 (1.82–1.85) | 1.84 (1.82–1.87) | 0.34 |
Sprint 20, m/s | 3.12 (3.10–3.14) | 3.13 (3.11–3.16) | 3.15 (3.12–3.18) | 3.18 (3.13–3.22) | 0.12 |
Dribbling, s | 9.72 (9.65–9.79) | 9.71 (9.61–9.80) | 9.63 (9.52–9.74) | 9.67 (9.53–9.81) | 0.30 |
Juggling, points | 44.80 (43.80–45.90) | 46.9 (46.00–47.90) | 46.80 (45.60–47.90) | 45.80 (43.90–47.60) | 0.06 |
Short pass, points | 9.92 (9.56–10.30) | 9.64 (9.16–10.10) | 9.53 (9.04–10) | 9.14 (8.25–10) | 0.29 |
Long pass, points | 6.21 (5.89–6.54) | 6.22 (5.80–6.64) | 6.24 (5.74–6.73) | 6.18 (5.49–6.88) | 0.98 |
12–13 Years (n = 118) | 14–15 Years (n = 322) | 16–17 Years (n = 238) | ANOVA p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Maturation, % | 86.90 (86.20–87.50) | 94.40 (94.10–94.70) | 98.60 (98.40–98.70) | <0.001 |
Weight | 50.20 (48.60–51.70) | 63.80 (62.90–64.80) | 71.10 (70.10–72.10) | <0.001 |
Height | 1.62 (1.60–1.64) | 1.75 (1.74–1.76) | 1.79 (1.78–1.80) | <0.001 |
CMJ, cm | 34.40 (33.70–35.10) | 38.50 (38–39.10) | 40.30 (39.80–40.90) | <0.001 |
Age, years | 12.70 (12.60–12.70) | 14.50 (14.50–14.60) | 16.40 (16.30–16.50) | <0.001 |
Age, months | 159 (158–160) | 180 (179–181) | 202 (201–203) | <0.001 |
Sprint 5, m/s | 1.14 (1.13–1.16) | 1.08 (1.07–1.09) | 1.06 (1.06–1.07) | <0.001 |
Sprint 10, m/s | 1.93 (1.91–1.95) | 1.82 (1.81–1.83) | 1.78 (1.77–1.79) | <0.001 |
Sprint 20, m/s | 3.35 (3.32–3.38) | 3.13 (3.11–3.03) | 3.04 (3.03–3.05) | <0.001 |
Speed dribbling, s | 10.0 (9.91–10.1) | 9.68 (9.61–9.74) | 9.55 (9.47–9.63) | <0.001 |
Ball juggling, points | 44.5 (43.1–46.0) | 45.5 (44.6–46.5) | 47.0 (46.2–47.8) | 0.007 |
Short pass, points | 9.01 (8.49–9.53) | 9.5 (9.14–9.86) | 10.3 (9.89–10.7) | <0.001 |
Long pass, points | 4.22 (3.70–4.74) | 6.58 (6.29–6.87) | 6.71 (6.37–7.06) | <0.001 |
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Bezuglov, E.; Malyakin, G.; Emanov, A.; Malyshev, G.; Shoshorina, M.; Savin, E.; Lazarev, A.; Morgans, R. Are Late-Born Young Soccer Players Less Mature Than Their Early-Born Peers, Although No Differences in Physical and Technical Performance Are Evident? Sports 2023, 11, 179. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11090179
Bezuglov E, Malyakin G, Emanov A, Malyshev G, Shoshorina M, Savin E, Lazarev A, Morgans R. Are Late-Born Young Soccer Players Less Mature Than Their Early-Born Peers, Although No Differences in Physical and Technical Performance Are Evident? Sports. 2023; 11(9):179. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11090179
Chicago/Turabian StyleBezuglov, Eduard, Georgiy Malyakin, Anton Emanov, Grigory Malyshev, Maria Shoshorina, Evgeny Savin, Artemii Lazarev, and Ryland Morgans. 2023. "Are Late-Born Young Soccer Players Less Mature Than Their Early-Born Peers, Although No Differences in Physical and Technical Performance Are Evident?" Sports 11, no. 9: 179. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11090179