Recovery Phase Nutrition and Insulin Strategies for a Collegiate Distance Runner with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Athlete Background
3. Methods
3.1. Nutrition Program
3.2. Insulin Dose Adjustment
3.3. Exercise Timing and Strategies
3.4. Data Collection and Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Daily Glycemic Control
4.2. Reliance on Acute Hypoglycemia Prevention Strategies
4.2.1. Acute Carbohydrate Supplementation
4.2.2. Acute Insulin Reduction
4.2.3. Athletic Performance
4.3. Well-Being
4.4. Recovery Phase Strategies
4.5. Daily Nutrition Program
4.6. 24 h Insulin Adjustments
4.7. Exercise Timing and Strategies
5. Discussion
5.1. Daily Glycemic Control
5.2. Reliance on Acute Hypoglycemia Prevention Strategies
5.2.1. Acute Carbohydrate Supplementation
5.2.2. Acute Insulin Reduction
5.3. Athletic Performance
5.4. Well-Being
5.5. Recovery Phase Strategies
5.5.1. Daily Nutrition Program
5.5.2. 24 h Insulin Adjustments
5.5.3. Exercise Timing and Strategies
5.6. Clinical Implications
5.7. Case Study Limitations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Day | ED (min) | EI (%VO2max) | Description |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 100 | 60% | long run |
2 | 60 | 65% | easy run |
3 | 60 | 60% | easy run |
4 | 75 | 55%, 75% | tempo run a |
5 | 60 | 55%, 85% | light pre-race workout b |
6 | 105 | 60%, 45%, 85% | morning easy run, afternoon race c |
7 | 50 | 50% | recovery jog |
8 | 100 | > 60% | long run |
Carbohydrate a | Protein b | Fat c | |
---|---|---|---|
Macronutrient Servings | 1/3 cup oats, dry | 1 ounce poultry or beef | 2 TBSP nuts/seeds |
1/3 cup brown rice, cooked | 1 ounce fish | 1 TBSP nut/seed butter | |
1/2 cup legumes, cooked | 1 large egg | 1 TBSP butter | |
1/2 cup quinoa, cooked | 1 cup milk, 1% | 1 TBSP olive oil | |
1 cup milk, 1% | 1 cup chocolate milk, 1% | 1/2 avocado, medium | |
1/2 cup chocolate milk, 1% | 1/3 cup cottage cheese, 1% | ||
1/2 potato, medium | 1/3 cup Greek yogurt, 1% | ||
1/2 sweet potato, medium | 1/4 cup feta crumbles | ||
1/4 cup low-fat granola | 1/4 cup shredded cheese | ||
1 cup berries | 1 ounce sliced cheese | ||
1/2 piece of fruit | |||
2 TBSP dried fruit | |||
1 medjool date | |||
1 TBSP honey or maple syrup | |||
Non-starchy vegetables | |||
2 cups leafy greens | |||
1 cup raw vegetables |
Calculation | Example a | |
---|---|---|
−%TDD | [%VO2max × (0.75 b × ED)] ÷ 100 = -%TDD | [0.65 × (0.75 × 60)] ÷ 100 = 0.29 (i.e., −29%) |
TBR | 1 − (-%TDD) = TBR | 1 − 0.29 = 0.71 (i.e., 71%) |
ICR | 450 c ÷ (TDDB × TBR) = ICR consequent d | 450 ÷ (50 × 0.71) = 12.67 (i.e., 1:13) |
CF | 94 e ÷ (TDDB × TBR) = CF | 94 ÷ (50 × 0.71) = 2.65 (i.e., 2.7) |
Carbohydrate Intake (g) | Exercise | Insulin Adjustments | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Day | Daily | Pre-Exercise | During Exercise | Duration (min) | %VO2max | TBR | ICR | CF | %TIR |
1 | 240 | 30 | - | 100 | 60 | 55 | 1:16 | 3.4 | 81 |
2 | 240 | 30 | - | 60 | 65 | 65 | 1:13 | 2.7 | 73 |
3 | 225 | - | - | 60 | 60 | 70 | 1:13 | 2.6 | 69 |
4 | 175 | - | - | 75 | 55, 75 | 55 | 1:15 | 3.2 | 73 |
5 | 230 | - | - | 60 | 55, 85 | 70 | 1:12 | 2.6 | 87 |
6 | 210 | - | - | 105 | 60, 45, 85 | 60, 55 | 1:16 | 3.4 | 64 |
7 | 240 | 20 | - | 50 | 50 | 70, 80 | 1:13 | 2.7 | 73 |
8 | 240 | 20 | - | 100 | >60 | 55 | 1:16 | 3.4 | 93 |
Mean | 225 | 12.5 | 0 | ~75 | >60 | ~77 |
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Schroeder, A.E.; Rosenkranz, R.R.; Yarrow, L.K.; Haub, M.D.; Rosenkranz, S.K. Recovery Phase Nutrition and Insulin Strategies for a Collegiate Distance Runner with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Study. Sports 2023, 11, 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11110214
Schroeder AE, Rosenkranz RR, Yarrow LK, Haub MD, Rosenkranz SK. Recovery Phase Nutrition and Insulin Strategies for a Collegiate Distance Runner with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Study. Sports. 2023; 11(11):214. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11110214
Chicago/Turabian StyleSchroeder, Amie E., Richard R. Rosenkranz, Linda K. Yarrow, Mark D. Haub, and Sara K. Rosenkranz. 2023. "Recovery Phase Nutrition and Insulin Strategies for a Collegiate Distance Runner with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Study" Sports 11, no. 11: 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11110214