Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae) Behavioral Responses to Chemical Insecticides
1
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
2
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
3
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
4
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Hanafy Ismail
Insects 2021, 12(12), 1072; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12121072
Received: 4 November 2021
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Revised: 23 November 2021
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Accepted: 28 November 2021
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Published: 30 November 2021
(This article belongs to the Collection Pesticide Chemistry and Toxicology)
Simple Summary
The tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (L.), is a pernicious pest of cotton across the Mid-South and Southeastern US Cotton Belt. In order to manage this pest, numerous insecticide applications are required annually. This has led to widespread resistance and increased cost of control. We tested the behavioral response of tarnished plant bug against various classes of chemistry used for control. The insects avoided certain chemicals and were slightly attracted to others. These findings help us understand the role of tarnished plant bug behavior on field control failures, insecticide resistance, and insecticide resistance management.
The tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois) is the dominant insect pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in the Mid-South Cotton Belt. This is partly due to the fact that this pest has developed resistance to most insecticides used for control. Laboratory experiments were conducted during 2014 and 2015 to study the behavioral response of tarnished plant bug nymphs to several classes of insecticides. Twenty third-instar nymphs were placed in individual dishes divided into four quadrants with five green bean pieces in each quadrant (10 treated and 10 untreated green beans in each dish). Dishes were checked at 1, 4, 8, and 24 h. Tarnished plant bug nymphs appeared to avoid green beans treated with IGR, pyrethroid, organophosphate, or carbamate insecticides, while there appeared to be an attraction to green bean pieces treated with sulfoxamine and pyridine carboxamide insecticides. No relationship was observed with neonicotinoid insecticides within 24 h.
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Keywords:
behavior; insecticides; tarnished plant bug
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MDPI and ACS Style
Graham, S.H.; Catchot, A.L.; Gore, J.; Cook, D.R.; Dodds, D. Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae) Behavioral Responses to Chemical Insecticides. Insects 2021, 12, 1072. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12121072
AMA Style
Graham SH, Catchot AL, Gore J, Cook DR, Dodds D. Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae) Behavioral Responses to Chemical Insecticides. Insects. 2021; 12(12):1072. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12121072
Chicago/Turabian StyleGraham, Scott H., Angus L. Catchot, Jeffrey Gore, Donald R. Cook, and Darrin Dodds. 2021. "Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae) Behavioral Responses to Chemical Insecticides" Insects 12, no. 12: 1072. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12121072
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