Influences of Stored Product Insect Movements on Integrated Pest Management Decisions
Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada
Insects 2019, 10(4), 100; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10040100
Received: 21 December 2018
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Revised: 14 March 2019
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Accepted: 4 April 2019
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Published: 7 April 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Stored Product Insect Pest Management)
Insect movement inside and outside grain bulks and processed products influences pest management decisions. Movement allows insects to find essential food resources, shelters (refuges), warmer and/or humid locations, mating and egg-laying sites, even when they are rare in fields, buildings, mills, warehouses, and inside grain masses. This review discussed the advantages and disadvantages of stored product insect movements, and the influence of insect mobility on some integrated pest management practices. Insect movement (1) results in clumped insect spatial distributions and thus makes large sample sizes necessary for monitoring; (2) makes trapping more efficient, but is influenced by many factors; (3) allows control methods to be effective, but requires pest management programs to be area-wide; (4) makes eradication of quarantine pests difficult and commodities are quickly re-infested; and (5) results in a diverse genetic pool and speeds the development of resistance to pesticides. Any element of an IPM approach should use the knowledge of insect movement. Reasons for the difficult interpretation of cryptic movement behaviours of insects were provided and future research areas were suggested.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Jian, F. Influences of Stored Product Insect Movements on Integrated Pest Management Decisions. Insects 2019, 10, 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10040100
AMA Style
Jian F. Influences of Stored Product Insect Movements on Integrated Pest Management Decisions. Insects. 2019; 10(4):100. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10040100
Chicago/Turabian StyleJian, Fuji. 2019. "Influences of Stored Product Insect Movements on Integrated Pest Management Decisions" Insects 10, no. 4: 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10040100
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