Microstructure and Wear Performance of CeO2-Modified Micro-Nano Structured WC-CoCr Coatings Sprayed with HVOF
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Coating Preparation
2.3. Characterization
2.4. Abrasion Wear Tests
3. Experimental Results
3.1. The Microstructure of the Powders and Coatings
3.2. The Mechanical Properties of the Coatings
3.3. Abrasive Wear Results
4. Discussions
5. Conclusions
- The addition of CeO2 caused significant changes in the microstructure of both the WC-10Co4Cr powder and coating, such as impeding the formation of Co3W3C, W2C and CoCr alloy. The presence of CeO2 at the interface is expected to elevate the interface energy, leading to a reduction in chemical reaction rates between WC, Co, Cr and oxygen. There was a notable decrease in the porosity of the coating modified with CeO2, which also contained a significantly increased density of Cr-rich regions.
- The CeO2-modified coating showed comparable microhardness (1230 HV0.3) and fracture toughness (5.77 MPam1/2) to the bare coating, but with significantly reduced standard deviations, suggesting that the coating microstructure became more homogeneous as a result of CeO2 modification.
- Due to the weak cohesive strength between WC and Cr, the CeO2-modified coating that contained more Cr-rich areas suffered a faster wear rate, resulting in reduced abrasive wear resistance compared to the bare coating.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kerosene (L/h) | Oxygen (m3/h) | Feed Rate (g/min) | Spraying Distance (mm) | Velocity (mm/s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
22.7 | 55.2 | 75 | 380 | 500 |
Coating | Porosity (%) | Defect Density (%) |
---|---|---|
BC | 0.85 ± 0.11 | 1.04 ± 0.17 |
CeC | 0.23 ± 0.04 | 2.06 ± 0.37 |
Coating | Hardness (HV0.3) | Fracture Toughness (MPam1/2) |
---|---|---|
BC | 1223 ± 27 | 6.19 ± 0.14 |
CeC | 1230 ± 13 | 5.77 ± 0.05 |
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Ding, X.; Wang, Q.; Tian, Y.; Yang, C.; Yuan, C.; Ramachandran, C.S. Microstructure and Wear Performance of CeO2-Modified Micro-Nano Structured WC-CoCr Coatings Sprayed with HVOF. Lubricants 2023, 11, 188. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11050188
Ding X, Wang Q, Tian Y, Yang C, Yuan C, Ramachandran CS. Microstructure and Wear Performance of CeO2-Modified Micro-Nano Structured WC-CoCr Coatings Sprayed with HVOF. Lubricants. 2023; 11(5):188. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11050188
Chicago/Turabian StyleDing, Xiang, Qun Wang, Yinghao Tian, Changchun Yang, Chengqing Yuan, and Chidambaram Seshadri Ramachandran. 2023. "Microstructure and Wear Performance of CeO2-Modified Micro-Nano Structured WC-CoCr Coatings Sprayed with HVOF" Lubricants 11, no. 5: 188. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11050188