Intermediate-Mass Mergers: A New Scenario for Several FS CMa Stars

Korčáková, Daniela; Dvořáková, Nela; Bermejo Lozano, Iris; Wade, Gregg A.; Basurto, Alicia Moranchel; Kroupa, Pavel; Chametla, Raul Ortega; Folsom, Colin Peter; Juhás, Ondrej

doi:10.3390/galaxies13030046

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Intermediate-Mass Mergers: A New Scenario for Several FS CMa Stars

by

Daniela Korčáková

^1,*

,

Nela Dvořáková

¹,

Iris Bermejo Lozano

¹

,

Gregg A. Wade

^2,3,

Alicia Moranchel Basurto

¹,

Pavel Kroupa

^1,4

,

Raul Ortega Chametla

¹,

Colin Peter Folsom

⁵ and

Ondrej Juhás

¹

Astronomical Institute, Charles University in Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, Praha 8, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic

²

Department of Physics, Engineering Physics & Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada

³

Department of Physics & Space Science, Royal Military College of Canada, P.O. Box 17000, Station Forces, Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, Canada

⁴

Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universitaet Bonn, Nussalee 14-15, D-53115 Bonn, Germany

⁵

Tartu Observatory, University of Tartu, Observatooriumi 1, 61602 Tõravere, Estonia

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Galaxies 2025, 13(3), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies13030046

Submission received: 28 February 2025 / Revised: 3 April 2025 / Accepted: 14 April 2025 / Published: 22 April 2025

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circumstellar Matter in Hot Star Systems)

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Abstract

We summarise the properties and nature of a peculiar group of B-type stars called FS CMa stars. These stars show the B[e] phenomenon, i.e., their spectra exhibit both forbidden emission lines and infrared excess. Such properties point to an extended circumstellar gas and dust component. Although the phenomenon has been explained in most B[e] stars, the origin and nature of FS CMa stars is disputed. Here, we focus on the merger hypothesis, for which evidence has recently been discovered.

Keywords: circumstellar matter; B[e] phenomenon; spectroscopy; spectropolarimetry; N-body simulations; MHD simulations

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MDPI and ACS Style

Korčáková, D.; Dvořáková, N.; Bermejo Lozano, I.; Wade, G.A.; Basurto, A.M.; Kroupa, P.; Chametla, R.O.; Folsom, C.P.; Juhás, O. Intermediate-Mass Mergers: A New Scenario for Several FS CMa Stars. Galaxies 2025, 13, 46. https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies13030046

AMA Style

Korčáková D, Dvořáková N, Bermejo Lozano I, Wade GA, Basurto AM, Kroupa P, Chametla RO, Folsom CP, Juhás O. Intermediate-Mass Mergers: A New Scenario for Several FS CMa Stars. Galaxies. 2025; 13(3):46. https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies13030046

Chicago/Turabian Style

Korčáková, Daniela, Nela Dvořáková, Iris Bermejo Lozano, Gregg A. Wade, Alicia Moranchel Basurto, Pavel Kroupa, Raul Ortega Chametla, Colin Peter Folsom, and Ondrej Juhás. 2025. "Intermediate-Mass Mergers: A New Scenario for Several FS CMa Stars" Galaxies 13, no. 3: 46. https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies13030046

APA Style

Korčáková, D., Dvořáková, N., Bermejo Lozano, I., Wade, G. A., Basurto, A. M., Kroupa, P., Chametla, R. O., Folsom, C. P., & Juhás, O. (2025). Intermediate-Mass Mergers: A New Scenario for Several FS CMa Stars. Galaxies, 13(3), 46. https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies13030046

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Intermediate-Mass Mergers: A New Scenario for Several FS CMa Stars

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