Hyperreflective Dots on SD-OCT: Implications for Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Diabetic Macular Edema
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Examination
2.3. Treatment
2.4. HFs Counting Methods
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Demographics
3.2. Outcomes
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Responder Group (n = 73) | Non-Responder Group (n = 39) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Eyes/patients | 73/52 | 39/26 | - |
Age (year), mean ± SD | 59.27 ± 7.16 | 55.63 ± 7.73 | 0.776 |
Male/female | 28/24 | 15/11 | 0.747 |
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 24.88 ± 1.97 | 25.01 ± 1.73 | 0.706 |
Systemic profile: | |||
HbA1c (%), mean ± SD | 6.66 ± 1.98 | 7.13 ± 1.87 | 0.273 |
Duration of DM (y), median (IQR) | 8.35 (4.00, 11.50) | 7.50 (4.50, 10.00) | 0.234 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 20 (38.5) | 11 (42.3) | 0.744 |
Ocular profile, n (%) | |||
History of laser | 12 (16.4) | 7 (17.9) | 0.839 |
pseudophakic | 9 (12.3) | 6 (15.4) | 0.651 |
DRIL, n (%) | 2 (2.7) | 2 (5.1) | 0.516 |
ELM/EZ disruption, n (%) | 3 (4.1) | 2 (5.1) | 0.804 |
LogMAR BCVA, mean ± SD | 0.54 ± 0.73 | 0.52 ± 0.61 | 0.827 |
IOP (mmHg), mean ± SD | 15.30 ± 3.47 | 14.83 ± 3.55 | 0.709 |
CMT (mm), mean ± SD | 456.53 ± 109.73 | 468.99 ± 127.10 | 0.614 |
Characteristics | Responder Group (n = 26) | Non-Responder Group (n = 13) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Eyes/patients | 26/17 | 13/9 | - |
Age (year), mean ± SD | 57.25 ± 7.36 | 54.58 ± 9.93 | 0.598 |
Male/female | 10/7 | 5/4 | 0.873 |
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 24.99 ± 2.73 | 25.11 ± 1.63 | 0.698 |
Systemic profile: | |||
HbA1c (%), mean ± SD | 7.08 ± 1.17 | 7.19 ± 1.56 | 0.673 |
Duration of DM (y), median (IQR) | 7.35 (4.25, 10.50) | 7.80 (4.35, 11.00) | 0.304 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 7 (41.2) | 4 (44.4) | 0.873 |
Ocular profile, n (%) | |||
History of laser | 5 (19.2) | 2 (15.4) | 0.768 |
pseudophakic | 4 (15.4) | 2 (15.4) | 1.000 |
DRIL, n (%) | 1 (3.8) | 1 (7.7) | 0.608 |
ELM/EZ disruption, n (%) | 1 (3.8) | 1 (7.7) | 0.608 |
LogMAR BCVA, mean ± SD | 0.53 ± 0.39 | 0.51 ± 0.67 | 0.772 |
IOP (mmHg), mean ± SD | 14.60 ± 4.71 | 15.03 ± 2.59 | 0.609 |
CMT (mm), mean ± SD | 472.53 ± 112.03 | 464.57 ± 137.83 | 0.511 |
BCVA (LogMAR), Mean ± SD | Responder Group (n = 73) | Non-Responder Group (n = 39) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 0.54 ± 0.73 | 0.52 ± 0.61 | 0.827 |
1st injection | 0.44 ± 0.42 | 0.50 ± 0.50 | 0.044 * |
2nd injection | 0.39 ± 0.37 | 0.49 ± 0.48 | 0.031 * |
3rd injection | 0.35 ± 0.40 | 0.47 ± 0.38 | 0.027 * |
CMT (μm), Mean ± SD | Responder Group (n = 73) | Non-Responder Group (n = 39) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 456.53 ± 109.73 | 468.99 ± 127.10 | 0.614 |
1st injection | 337.77 ± 93.18 | 440.95 ± 99.01 | 0.027 * |
2nd injection | 290.69 ± 66.38 | 433.18 ± 78.66 | 0.016 * |
3rd injection | 235.47 ± 49.13 | 427.45 ± 52.91 | 0.008 * |
BCVA (LogMAR), Mean ± SD | Responder Group (n = 73) | Non-Responder Group (n = 39) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 0.53 ± 0.39 | 0.51 ± 0.67 | 0.772 |
1 month | 0.37 ± 0.41 | 0.43 ± 0.88 | 0.039 * |
CMT (μm), Mean ± SD | Responder Group (n = 73) | Non-Responder Group (n = 39) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 472.53 ± 112.03 | 464.57 ± 137.83 | 0.747 |
1 month | 255.99 ± 69.83 | 397.48 ± 82.77 | 0.014 * |
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Li, S.; Li, M.; Sun, A.; Zhang, H. Hyperreflective Dots on SD-OCT: Implications for Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Diabetic Macular Edema. Diagnostics 2025, 15, 2539. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15192539
Li S, Li M, Sun A, Zhang H. Hyperreflective Dots on SD-OCT: Implications for Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Diabetic Macular Edema. Diagnostics. 2025; 15(19):2539. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15192539
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Siying, Muzi Li, Aimin Sun, and Hongwei Zhang. 2025. "Hyperreflective Dots on SD-OCT: Implications for Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Diabetic Macular Edema" Diagnostics 15, no. 19: 2539. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15192539
APA StyleLi, S., Li, M., Sun, A., & Zhang, H. (2025). Hyperreflective Dots on SD-OCT: Implications for Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Diabetic Macular Edema. Diagnostics, 15(19), 2539. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15192539