Age Estimation in 0–8-Year-Old Children in France: Comparison of One Skeletal and Five Dental Methods
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | n | Mean | Standard Deviation | Max | Q75 | Median | Q25 | Min |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Real age | 94 | 1.49 | 1.83 | 8.29 | 1.83 | 0.678 | 0.33 | 0.08 |
Greulich Pyle (GP) | 91 | 1.27 | 1.56 | 6.00 | 1.50 | 0.50 | 0.25 | 0.08 |
Anderson | 14 | 5.12 | 1.41 | 7.24 | 6.33 | 4.82 | 3.83 | 3.21 |
Demirjian | 9 | 6.47 | 1.99 | 8.20 | 8.00 | 7.50 | 6.00 | 3.10 |
Ubelaker | 90 | 1.37 | 1.83 | 8.00 | 2.00 | 0.50 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
Gustafson-Koch (GK) | 90 | 1.50 | 1.99 | 8.50 | 2.50 | 0.50 | 0.18 | 0.08 |
Schour Massler (SM) | 90 | 1.45 | 1.99 | 8.50 | 2.00 | 0.50 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
Methods | ICC Compared with Real Age | Bonferroni-Adjusted p-Value (Compared with ICC between Age and SM Method) |
---|---|---|
Greulich and Pyle | 0.94 (0.91–0.96) | <0.001 |
Anderson | 0.88 (0.68–0.96) | <0.001 |
Demirjian | 0.85 (0.50–0.96) | N/A |
Ubelaker | 0.97 (0.97–0.99) | 0.16 |
Gustafson and Koch (GK) | 0.98 (0.97–0.98) | 0.06 |
Schour and Massler (SM) | 0.98 (0.98–0.99) | - |
Bias (in Years) | Inaccuracy (in Years) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≤2 Years | >2 Years | ≤2 Years | >2 Years | |||||
n | M ± SD | n | M ± SD | n | M ± SD | n | M ± SD | |
Greulich and Pyle | 70 | −0.09 ± 0.31 | 20 | −0.73 ± 0.87 | 70 | 0.24 ± 0.21 | 20 | 0.88 ± 0.72 |
Anderson | N/A | 13 | −0.05 ± 0.73 | N/A | 13 | 0.55 ± 0.45 | ||
Demirjian | N/A | 9 | 0.50 ± 0.73 | N/A | 9 | 0.74 ± 0.76 | ||
Ubelaker | 70 | −0.09 ± 0.20 | 20 | −0.27 ± 0.66 | 70 | 0.17 ± 0.13 | 20 | 0.56 ± 0.43 |
Gustafson and Koch | 70 | −0.06 ± 0.31 | 20 | 0.15 ± 0.64 | 70 | 0.22 ± 0.23 | 20 | 0.53 ± 0.37 |
Schour and Massler | 70 | −0.11 ± 0.23 | 20 | 0.10 ± 0.50 | 70 | 0.19 ± 0.16 | 20 | 0.40 ± 0.30 |
Children under or Egal to 2 Years | Children over 2 Years | ||
---|---|---|---|
Ubelaker vs. Greulich and Pyle | p = 0.035 | Schour and Massler vs. Greulich and Pyle | p = 0.008 |
Ubelaker vs. Gustafson and Koch | p = 0.245 | Schour and Massler vs. Anderson | p = 0.685 |
Ubelaker vs. Schour and Massler | p = 0.432 | Schour and Massler vs. Dermijian | p = 0.624 |
Schour and Massler vs. Ubelaker | p = 0.108 | ||
Schour and Massler vs. Gustafson and Koch | p = 0.148 |
Methods | Brief Description | Pédiod of Use |
---|---|---|
Greulich and Pyle (1959) | Carpal and phalangeal epiphyses stage of ossification of left hand and wrist compare to atlas | First year of live to 19 |
Schour and Massler (1937) | Comparative analysis of orthopantomograms (OPGs) and images available in the corresponding chart | From in utero to aldulthood |
Demirjian (1973) | Scoring system in which the development of the seven mandibular left permanent teeth is divided into eight stages (A to H) | Three to 17 years of age |
Gustafson and Koch (1974) | Comparative analysis on OPGs of diagrams of four stage of tooth development | First year of life to 16 |
Anderson (1976) | Comparative analysis on OPGs of 14 stages of mineralization | Four to 14 years of age |
Ubelaker (1978) | Comparative analysis of OPGs and images available in the corresponding chart | From in utero to aldulthood |
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Martrille, L.; Papadodima, S.; Venegoni, C.; Molinari, N.; Gibelli, D.; Baccino, E.; Cattaneo, C. Age Estimation in 0–8-Year-Old Children in France: Comparison of One Skeletal and Five Dental Methods. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061042
Martrille L, Papadodima S, Venegoni C, Molinari N, Gibelli D, Baccino E, Cattaneo C. Age Estimation in 0–8-Year-Old Children in France: Comparison of One Skeletal and Five Dental Methods. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(6):1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061042
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartrille, Laurent, Stavroula Papadodima, Cristina Venegoni, Nicolas Molinari, Daniele Gibelli, Eric Baccino, and Cristina Cattaneo. 2023. "Age Estimation in 0–8-Year-Old Children in France: Comparison of One Skeletal and Five Dental Methods" Diagnostics 13, no. 6: 1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061042
APA StyleMartrille, L., Papadodima, S., Venegoni, C., Molinari, N., Gibelli, D., Baccino, E., & Cattaneo, C. (2023). Age Estimation in 0–8-Year-Old Children in France: Comparison of One Skeletal and Five Dental Methods. Diagnostics, 13(6), 1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061042