Evaluating User Compliance in Mobile Health Apps: Insights from a 90-Day Study Using a Digital Sleep Diary

Kristbergsdottir, Hlín; Schmitz, Lisa; Arnardottir, Erna Sif; Islind, Anna Sigridur

doi:10.3390/diagnostics13182883

Open AccessArticle

Evaluating User Compliance in Mobile Health Apps: Insights from a 90-Day Study Using a Digital Sleep Diary

by

Hlín Kristbergsdottir

^1,2,*,†

,

Lisa Schmitz

^2,3,*,†,

Erna Sif Arnardottir

²

and

Anna Sigridur Islind

^2,3

¹

Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland

²

Reykjavik University Sleep Institute, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland

³

Department of Computer Science, Reykjavik University, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Diagnostics 2023, 13(18), 2883; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13182883

Submission received: 22 June 2023 / Revised: 31 August 2023 / Accepted: 6 September 2023 / Published: 8 September 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Moving beyond Current Diagnosis of Sleep-Disordered Breathing)

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Abstract

Sleep diaries are the gold standard for subjective assessment of sleep variables in clinical practice. Digitization of sleep diaries is needed, as paper versions are prone to human error, memory bias, and difficulties monitoring compliance. Methods: 45 healthy eligible participants (M^age = 50.3 years, range 23–74, 56% female) were asked to use a sleep diary mobile app for 90 consecutive days. Univariate and bivariate analysis was used for group comparison and linear regression for analyzing reporting trends and compliance over time. Results: Overall compliance was high in the first two study months but tended to decrease over time (p < 0.001). Morning and evening diary entries were highly correlated (r = 0.932, p < 0.001) and participants significantly answered on average 4.1 days (95% CI [1.7, 6.6]) more often in the morning (M = 60.2, sd = 22.1) than evening ((M = 56.1, sd = 22.2), p < 0.001). Conclusion: Using a daily diary assessment in a longitudinal sleep study with a sleep diary delivered through a mobile application was feasible, and compliance in this study was satisfactory.

Keywords: mobile sleep diary; digital health; sleep revolution; telemedicine; apnea–hypopnea index; compliance

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kristbergsdottir, H.; Schmitz, L.; Arnardottir, E.S.; Islind, A.S. Evaluating User Compliance in Mobile Health Apps: Insights from a 90-Day Study Using a Digital Sleep Diary. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 2883. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13182883

AMA Style

Kristbergsdottir H, Schmitz L, Arnardottir ES, Islind AS. Evaluating User Compliance in Mobile Health Apps: Insights from a 90-Day Study Using a Digital Sleep Diary. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(18):2883. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13182883

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kristbergsdottir, Hlín, Lisa Schmitz, Erna Sif Arnardottir, and Anna Sigridur Islind. 2023. "Evaluating User Compliance in Mobile Health Apps: Insights from a 90-Day Study Using a Digital Sleep Diary" Diagnostics 13, no. 18: 2883. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13182883

APA Style

Kristbergsdottir, H., Schmitz, L., Arnardottir, E. S., & Islind, A. S. (2023). Evaluating User Compliance in Mobile Health Apps: Insights from a 90-Day Study Using a Digital Sleep Diary. Diagnostics, 13(18), 2883. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13182883

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Evaluating User Compliance in Mobile Health Apps: Insights from a 90-Day Study Using a Digital Sleep Diary

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