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Volume 12
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10.3390/diagnostics12040801
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Article

Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Normal Weight and Obese Individuals with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

by
Anca Trifan
1,2,
Adrian Rotaru
1,2,*,
Remus Stafie
1,2,*,
Ermina Stratina
1,2,
Sebastian Zenovia
1,2,
Robert Nastasa
1,2,
Laura Huiban
1,2,
Tudor Cuciureanu
1,2,
Cristina Muzîca
1,2,
Stefan Chiriac
1,2,
Irina Gîrleanu
1,2,
Ana-Maria Sîngeap
1,2,
Catalin Sfarti
1,2,
Camelia Cojocariu
1,2 and
Carol Stanciu
1,2
1
Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
2
Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2022, 12(4), 801; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12040801
Submission received: 23 February 2022 / Revised: 23 March 2022 / Accepted: 24 March 2022 / Published: 24 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Diagnosis and Management)
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Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has had, over the past few decades, a progressively growing prevalence among the general population all over the world, in parallel with metabolic conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidemia, and obesity. However, NAFLD is also detected in 10–13% of subjects with a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 25 kg/m² (lean-NAFLD), whose major risk factors remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to characterize the clinical features and associated risk factors of lean-NAFLD in comparison with obese-NAFLD patients. Consecutive patients diagnosed with NAFLD by vibration-controlled transient elastography and controlled attenuation parameter were prospectively enrolled. Biological and clinical data obtained from the participants were stratified according to their BMI in two groups: lean-NAFLD and obese-NAFLD. In total, 331 patients (56.8% males) were included in the final analysis. Most of the subjects were obese-NAFLD (n = 258, 77.9%) and had a higher prevalence of T2DM, dyslipidemia, and components of the metabolic syndrome, together with abnormal biological parameters. Regarding liver stiffness measurements, the proportion of subjects with at least significant fibrosis (≥F2) was approximately twofold higher among obese-NAFLD (43.81%) in comparison with lean-NAFLD patients (23.29%). Moreover, obese individuals had a higher risk for liver fibrosis (OR = 2.6, 95%, CI 1.5–4.42, p < 0.001) than lean individuals. Although associated metabolic conditions and at least significant liver fibrosis were present in approximately one-quarter of the patients, these were more frequent among obese-NAFLD patients. Therefore, individualized screening strategies for NAFLD should be established according to BMI.
Keywords: liver stiffness; liver steatosis; lean; obese; VCTE liver stiffness; liver steatosis; lean; obese; VCTE

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MDPI and ACS Style

Trifan, A.; Rotaru, A.; Stafie, R.; Stratina, E.; Zenovia, S.; Nastasa, R.; Huiban, L.; Cuciureanu, T.; Muzîca, C.; Chiriac, S.; et al. Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Normal Weight and Obese Individuals with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 801. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12040801

AMA Style

Trifan A, Rotaru A, Stafie R, Stratina E, Zenovia S, Nastasa R, Huiban L, Cuciureanu T, Muzîca C, Chiriac S, et al. Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Normal Weight and Obese Individuals with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(4):801. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12040801

Chicago/Turabian Style

Trifan, Anca, Adrian Rotaru, Remus Stafie, Ermina Stratina, Sebastian Zenovia, Robert Nastasa, Laura Huiban, Tudor Cuciureanu, Cristina Muzîca, Stefan Chiriac, and et al. 2022. "Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Normal Weight and Obese Individuals with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease" Diagnostics 12, no. 4: 801. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12040801

APA Style

Trifan, A., Rotaru, A., Stafie, R., Stratina, E., Zenovia, S., Nastasa, R., Huiban, L., Cuciureanu, T., Muzîca, C., Chiriac, S., Gîrleanu, I., Sîngeap, A.-M., Sfarti, C., Cojocariu, C., & Stanciu, C. (2022). Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Normal Weight and Obese Individuals with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Diagnostics, 12(4), 801. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12040801

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