Efficacy of Hip Strengthening on Pain Intensity, Disability, and Strength in Musculoskeletal Conditions of the Trunk and Lower Limbs: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Grade Recommendations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Search Strategy and Inclusion Criteria
2.2. Trial Selection and Methodological Quality Assessment
2.3. Data Extraction
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Study Characteristics
3.2. Methodological Quality of the Included Trials
3.3. Summary of Evidence for the Short-Term Effects of Hip Strengthening on Pain Intensity, Disability, and Hip Strength in People with Musculoskeletal Health Conditions of the Trunk and Lower Limbs
3.4. Pain Intensity
3.5. Disability
3.6. Hip Strength
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | Source | Participants | Intervention | Outcome Measures |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bade et al. (2017) [33] | Patients with low back pain Location: Germany | N = 90 Age 46.4 (SD 2.8) Gender M: 53 F: 37 | Exp1 = lumbar strengthening (exercises for low back pain treatment) 2x/week, 50 min/session, over 2 weeks (n = 43, age: 48.1 (SD 2.4)) Exp2 = lumbar + hip strengthening (exercises for low back pain treatment associated with exercises to strengthen hip-stabilizing muscles) 2x/week, 50 min/session, over 2 weeks (n = 47, age: 44.8 (SD 2.3)) | Pain intensity: NPRS (0–10) Disability: ODI (0–50) Follow-up: 2 weeks (short-term) |
Burns et al. (2021) [38] | Patients with low back pain Location: multicenter | N = 76 Age 40.05 (SD 2.21) Gender M: 29 F: 47 | Exp 1 = treatment of the lumbar spine only (LBO group) 2 to 3x/week, approximately 45 to 60 min/session (n = 39, age: 40.2 (SD 19.9)) Exp2 = lumbar spine and hip treatments (LBH group) 2 to 3x/week, approximately 45 to 60 min/session (n = 37, age: 39.9 (SD 18)) | Pain intensity: NPRS (0–10) Disability: ODI (0–100) Follow-up: 7 weeks (short-term) |
Fukuda et al. (2021) [37] | Patients with low back pain Location: Brazil | N = 70 Age 37.7 (SD 3.53) Gender S/N | Exp1 = a manual therapy and lumbar segmental stabilization group (MTLS) 2x/week, 30 min/session, over 5 weeks (n = 35, age: 35.2 (SD 12.5)) Exp2 = specific hip-strengthening exercises plus manual therapy and lumbar segmental stabilization group (MTLSHS) 2x/week, 45 min/session, over 5 weeks (n = 35, age: 40.2 (SD 12.4)) | Pain intensity: VAS (0–10) Disability: Roland–Morris (0–24) Strength: Force dynamometer Follow-up: 5 weeks (short-term) |
Fukuda et al. (2010) [30] | Patients with patellofemoral pain Location: Brazil | N = 66 Age 24.6 (SD 6.6) Gender M: 0 F: 66 | Exp1 = knee strengthening (exercises to strengthen quadriceps) 3x/week, 50 min/session, over 4 weeks (n = 20, age: 25.0 (SD 6.0)) Exp2 = knee + hip strengthening (exercises to strengthen quadriceps and exercises to strengthen the hip abductor and lateral rotator muscles) 3x/week, 50 min/session, over 4 weeks (n = 21, age: 25.0 (SD 7.0)) Con = no intervention (n = 25, age 24.0 (SD 7.0)) | Pain intensity: NPRS (0–10) Disability: LEFS (0–80) Follow-up: 4 weeks (short-term) |
Jeong et al. (2015) [34] | Patients with low back pain Location: Korea | N = 40 Age 41.2 (SD 6.1) Gender M: 0 F: 40 | Exp1 = lumbopelvic muscle + gluteus strengthening (exercises to strengthen gluteus) 3x/week, 50 min/session, over 6 weeks (n = 20, age: 41.2 (SD 5.5)) Exp2 = lumbopelvic muscle strengthening (exercises to strengthen lumbopelvic muscles) 3x/week, 50 min/session, over 6 weeks (n = 20, age: 41.2 (SD 6.7)) | Disability: ODI (0–50) Follow-up: 6 weeks (short-term) |
Kendall et al. (2014) [35] | Patients with low back pain Location: Brazil | N = 80 Age 37 (SD 35.5) Gender M: 0 F: 80 | Exp1 = lumbopelvic muscle strengthening (focused on the performance of the motor skill of co-contracting the transversus abdominis, multifidus, and pelvic floor muscles), 6 weeks (n = 40, age: 33 (SD 33.4)) Exp2 = lumbopelvic muscle + hip strengthening (co-contracting the transversus abdominis, multifidus, and pelvic floor muscles associated with open and closed kinetic chain hip-strengthening exercises), 6 weeks (n = 40, age: 41 (SD 37.45)) | Pain intensity: VAS (0–100) Disability: ODI (0–50) Strength: Force dynamometer Follow-up: 6 weeks (short-term) |
Khayambashi et al. (2012) [31] | Patients with patellofemoral pain (PFP) Location: Iran | N = 28 Age 29.7 (SD 5.3) Gender M: 0 F: 28 | Exp1 = hip strengthening (exercises to strengthen hip external rotator muscles) 3x/week, 30 min/session, over 8 weeks (n = 14, age: 28.9 (SD 5.8)) Con = no intervention (n = 14, age 30.5 (SD 4.8)) | Pain intensity: VAS (0–10) Disability: WOMAC (0–100) Strength: Handheld isometric dynamometer Follow-up: 8 weeks (short-term) |
Lee and Kim (2015) [36] | Patients with low back pain Location: Iran | N = 33 Age 60.46 (SD 14.4) Gender: S/N | Exp = hip strengthening + lumbar strengthening (exercises to strengthen hip, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, and external rotation) 3x/week, 20 min/session, over 6 weeks (n = 22, age:61.0 (SD 13.2)) Con = lumbar strengthening (exercises for lumbar stabilization) 3x/week, 20 min/session, over 6 weeks (n = 11, age:59.38 (SD 17.3)) | Pain intensity: VAS (0–100) Disability: ODI (0–50) Follow-up: 3 weeks (short-term) |
Saad et al. (2018) [32] | Patients with patellofemoral pain (PFP) Location: Brazil | N = 20 Age 22.85 (SD 1.1) Gender M: 0 F: 20 | Exp2 = hip strengthening (exercises to strengthen hip-stabilizing muscles) 2x/week, 50 min/session, over 8 weeks (n = 10, age: 22.5 (SD 1.08)) Con = no intervention (n = 10, age 23.2 (SD 1.03)) | Pain intensity: VAS (0–10) Disability: AKPS (0–100) Strength: Handheld isometric dynamometer Follow-up: 8 weeks (short-term) |
Study | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bade et al. (2017) [33] | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | 5 |
Burns et al. (2021) [38] | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | 5 |
Fukuda et al. (2021) [37] | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 7 |
Fukuda et al. (2010) [30] | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | 8 |
Jeong et al. (2015) [34] | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | 4 |
Kendall et al. (2014) [35] | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 9 |
Khayambashi et al. (2012) [31] | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | 5 |
Lee and Kim (2015) [36] | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | 5 |
Saad et al. (2018) [32] | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 9 |
Total, n (%) | 9 (100) | 6 (66.6) | 6 (66.6) | 9 (100) | 3 (33.3) | 3 (33.3) | 8 (88.8) | 4 (44.4) | 9 (100) | 9 (100) |
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de F. Silva, A.; Maia, L.B.; Mendonça, V.A.; dos Santos, J.M.; Coelho-Oliveira, A.C.; Santos, J.N.V.; Moreira, L.L.V.; Mascarenhas, R.d.O.; Gonçalves, G.T.; Oliveira, V.C.; et al. Efficacy of Hip Strengthening on Pain Intensity, Disability, and Strength in Musculoskeletal Conditions of the Trunk and Lower Limbs: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Grade Recommendations. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 2910. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12122910
de F. Silva A, Maia LB, Mendonça VA, dos Santos JM, Coelho-Oliveira AC, Santos JNV, Moreira LLV, Mascarenhas RdO, Gonçalves GT, Oliveira VC, et al. Efficacy of Hip Strengthening on Pain Intensity, Disability, and Strength in Musculoskeletal Conditions of the Trunk and Lower Limbs: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Grade Recommendations. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(12):2910. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12122910
Chicago/Turabian Stylede F. Silva, Angélica, Laísa B. Maia, Vanessa A. Mendonça, Jousielle M. dos Santos, Ana C. Coelho-Oliveira, Joyce N. V. Santos, Leticia L. V. Moreira, Rodrigo de O. Mascarenhas, Gabriele T. Gonçalves, Vinícius C. Oliveira, and et al. 2022. "Efficacy of Hip Strengthening on Pain Intensity, Disability, and Strength in Musculoskeletal Conditions of the Trunk and Lower Limbs: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Grade Recommendations" Diagnostics 12, no. 12: 2910. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12122910