Programmed Death Ligand 1: A Poor Prognostic Marker in Endometrial Carcinoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Histological Examination
2.3. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Staining Method
2.4. Evaluation of Antibodies Staining
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Data
3.2. PD-L1 Expression Analysis
3.2.1. Endometrial Carcinoma versus Non-Neoplastic Endometrium
3.2.2. Age (≥60 versus <60 Years)
3.2.3. Ethnic Groups
3.2.4. Type 1 versus Type 2 Endometrial Carcinoma
3.2.5. Grade and Stage of Tumour
3.2.6. Survival (Alive versus Died of Disease)
3.2.7. Types of Therapy
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | n (%) | PD-L1 Tumour Cells | p Value | PD-L1 Immune Cells | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | Mean ± SD (years) | 53.5 ± 12.0 | ||||
<60 | 36 (61) | 7 (19.4) | 0.047 * | 24 (66.7) | 0.432 | |
≥60 | 23 (39) | 10 (43.5) | 13 (56.5) | |||
Race | Malay | 32 (54.2) | 10 (31.3) | 19 (59.4) | ||
Chinese | 15 (25.4) | 5 (33.3) | 0.575 | 10 (66.7) | 0.847 | |
Indian | 12 (20.3) | 2 (16.7) | 8 (66.7) | |||
Types of endometrial carcinoma | Endometrioid | 51 (86.4) | ||||
Serous | 3 (5.1) | |||||
Clear cell | 2 (3.4) | |||||
Mixed Mucinous | 2 (3.4) 1 (1.7) | |||||
Type 1 Type 2 | 52 (88.1) 7 (11.9) | 14 (26.9) 3 (42.9) | 0.40 | 33 (63.5) 4 (57.1) | 1.0 | |
Grade | 1 | 34 (57.6) | 5 (14.7) | 18 (52.9) | ||
2 | 9 (15.3) | 4 (44.4) | 0.01 * | 8 (88.9) | 0.038 * | |
3 | 16 (27.1) | 8 (50) | 11 (68.8) | |||
Stage | 1 | 41 (69.5) | 10 (24.4) | 25 (61.0) | ||
2 | 7 (11.9) | 2 (28.6) | 0.57 | 4 (57.1) | 0.512 | |
3 | 6 (10.2) | 3 (50) | 6 (100) | |||
4 | 5 (8.5) | 2 (40) | 2 (40) | |||
Survival | Alive | 44 | 7 (15.9) | 0.001 * | 27 (61.4) | 0.767 |
DOD | 15 | 10 (66.7) | 10 (66.7) | |||
PD-L1 positive | Immune cells | 37 (62.7) | ||||
Tumour cells | 17 (37.3) |
Types | Total Number of Cases (n) | PD-L1 Positive in Immune Cells n (%) | p Value | PD-L1 Positive in Tumour Cells n (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Endometrial carcinoma | 59 | 37 (62.7) | <0.001 * | 17 (28.8) |
Non-neoplastic endometrium | 32 | 0 (0) | NA |
Types of Tumour/Grading | No. | Immune Cells | Tumour Cells | Stage | Survival Status | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive (%) | Intensity | Positive (%) | Intensity | ||||
Type I | |||||||
Endometroid G1 | 1 | 0 | - | 10 | Moderate | 1 | DOD |
2 | 0 | - | 1 | Moderate | 1 | Alive | |
3 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 2 | Alive | |
4 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
5 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
6 | 35 | Moderate | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
7 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
8 | 10 | Strong | <1 | Strong | 1 | Alive | |
9 | 10 | Moderate | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
10 | <1 | Weak | 1 | Strong | 3 | Alive | |
11 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
12 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
13 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
14 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
15 | 1 | Strong | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
16 | 5 | Strong | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
17 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 2 | Alive | |
18 | <1 | Weak | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
19 | 10 | Strong | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
20 | 5 | Weak | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
21 | 10 | Strong | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
22 | 1 | Strong | 1 | Strong | 1 | Alive | |
23 | <1 | Strong | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
24 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
25 | 2 | Strong | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
26 | 40 | Strong | 0 | - | 2 | Alive | |
27 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
28 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
29 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
30 | <1 | Moderate | 0 | - | 2 | Alive | |
31 | 2 | Strong | 0 | - | 3 | Alive | |
32 | 15 | Strong | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
33 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
G2 | 1 | 30 | Strong | 10 | Strong | 4 | DOD |
2 | 1 | Moderate | 10 | Moderate | 2 | Alive | |
3 | 10 | Strong | 10 | Strong | 1 | DOD | |
4 | 1 | Moderate | 10 | Moderate | 1 | DOD | |
5 | <1 | Weak | 0 | - | 2 | Alive | |
6 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 4 | DOD | |
7 | 35 | Moderate | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
8 | <1 | Moderate | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
9 | 5 | Weak | 0 | - | 2 | DOD | |
G3 | 1 | 15 | Moderate | 10 | Strong | 1 | DOD |
2 | 0 | - | <1 | Weak | 1 | Alive | |
3 | 5 | Strong | 30 | Strong | 1 | DOD | |
4 | <1 | Weak | 0 | - | 3 | Alive | |
5 | <1 | Weak | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
6 | 0 | - | <1 | Weak | 1 | Alive | |
7 | 1 | Weak | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
8 | 10 | Strong | 1 | Weak | 4 | DOD | |
9 | 5 | Strong | 0 | - | 1 | Alive | |
Mucinous | 1 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 1 | Alive |
Type II | |||||||
Serous | 1 | <1 | Weak | <1 | Strong | 3 | DOD |
2 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 4 | DOD | |
3 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 4 | DOD | |
Clear cell | 1 | 1 | Weak | 0 | - | 1 | Alive |
2 | 15 | Strong | <1 | Strong | 3 | DOD | |
Mixed | 1 | 1 | Moderate | 0 | - | 1 | DOD |
2 | 0 | - | 2 | Moderate | 2 | DOD |
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Chew, M.; Wong, Y.P.; Karim, N.; Mustangin, M.; Alfian, N.; Tan, G.C. Programmed Death Ligand 1: A Poor Prognostic Marker in Endometrial Carcinoma. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 394. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10060394
Chew M, Wong YP, Karim N, Mustangin M, Alfian N, Tan GC. Programmed Death Ligand 1: A Poor Prognostic Marker in Endometrial Carcinoma. Diagnostics. 2020; 10(6):394. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10060394
Chicago/Turabian StyleChew, Mianxin, Yin Ping Wong, Norain Karim, Muaatamarulain Mustangin, Nurwardah Alfian, and Geok Chin Tan. 2020. "Programmed Death Ligand 1: A Poor Prognostic Marker in Endometrial Carcinoma" Diagnostics 10, no. 6: 394. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10060394