Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified by an Electron Beam for Improving Human Breast Cancer Detection by Raman Spectroscopy: A Preliminary Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemical and Sample Preparation
2.2. Raman Measurements
2.3. UV-Vis Absorption Measurements
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Frequency (cm−1) | Assignment | Noncancerous Tissue | Cancerous Tissue | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Tissue | 6 µm Slice | Bulk Tissue | 6 µm Slice | ||||||
w/o | with NPs | w/o | with NPs | w/o | with NPs | w/o | with NPs | ||
398 | N-TiO2 EB | - | + | - | + | - | + | - | + |
515 | N-TiO2 EB | - | + | - | + | - | + | - | + |
639 | N-TiO2 EB | - | + | - | + | - | + | - | + |
842 | Tryptophan, proteins | - | + | + | + | - | + | + | + |
916 | Proline, hydroxyproline, glycogen, lactic acid | - | - | + | + | - | + | + | + |
963 | C-O deoxyribose, C-C DNA | - | + | - | + | - | + | + | + |
1004 | Phenylalanine, proteins, and carotenoids, CH3 rocking coupled with C-C stretching | + | + | + | + | - | + | + | + |
1010 | N-TiO2 EB | - | + | - | + | - | + | - | + |
1048 | N-TiO2 EB | - | + | - | + | - | + | - | + |
1078 | Phospholipids, stretching (C-C) or stretching (C-O) | - | + | + | + | - | - | - | - |
1140 | Adenine (ring breathing modes of the DNA/RNA bases) | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | + |
1156 | Carotenoids, C-C stretching | + | + | + | - | - | + | - | - |
1199 | Nucleic acids and phosphates (P=O) | - | + | - | - | - | + | + | + |
1265 | Phospholipids, PO2− antisymmetric stretching, =C-H in plane deformation, Amide III (of proteins in -helix conformation) | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - |
1300 | Lipids, phospholipids, H-C= deformation | - | + | + | + | - | + | + | + |
1375 | Proteins, C C-H bending mixed with C-N stretching and N-H in plane bending, adenine (ring breathing modes of the DNA/RNA bases) | - | + | - | - | - | + | - | + |
1440 | Lipids, CH2 and CH3 deformation vibrations | + | + | + | + | - | + | + | + |
1474 | DNA, ring breathing mode | - | + | - | + | - | + | + | + |
1518 | Carotenoids, C=C stretching | + | + | + | - | - | + | - | - |
1586 | Tryptophan, NADH, cytochrome C, C-C stretching, C-H bending | - | + | - | - | - | + | + | + |
1654 | Lipids and proteins (amide I), C=C stretching | + | + | + | + | - | + | + | + |
1746 | Lipids, C=O stretching | + | + | + | + | - | - | - | - |
2727 | Carotenoids, overtone | + | + | + | + | - | - | - | - |
2850 | Lipids, fatty acids, saturated bonds of lipids, symmetric stretching of CH2 | + | + | + | + | - | + | + | + |
2888 | Lipids, fatty acids, (CH2)C-H antisymmetric stretching | + | + | + | + | - | - | - | - |
2894, 2908 | Symmetric stretching of CH3 | - | - | - | - | - | + | + | + |
2940 | Proteins, asymmetric stretching of CH3, C-H stretching | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | + |
3009 | Fatty acids, unsaturated bonds of lipids, H -C=C stretching | + | + | + | + | - | - | - | - |
3354 | Water, DNA, proteins, O-N, O-H stretching | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | + |
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Surmacki, J. Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified by an Electron Beam for Improving Human Breast Cancer Detection by Raman Spectroscopy: A Preliminary Study. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 757. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100757
Surmacki J. Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified by an Electron Beam for Improving Human Breast Cancer Detection by Raman Spectroscopy: A Preliminary Study. Diagnostics. 2020; 10(10):757. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100757
Chicago/Turabian StyleSurmacki, Jakub. 2020. "Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified by an Electron Beam for Improving Human Breast Cancer Detection by Raman Spectroscopy: A Preliminary Study" Diagnostics 10, no. 10: 757. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100757