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Correction to Life 2022, 12(7), 977.
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Correction

Correction: Zaheer et al. Acaricidal Potential and Ecotoxicity of Metallic Nano-Pesticides Used Against the Major Life Stages of Hyalomma Ticks. Life 2022, 12, 977

1
Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
2
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelshikh University, Kafrelshikh 33516, Egypt
4
Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
5
Department of Parasitology, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
6
Department of Medicine, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Life 2026, 16(4), 660; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16040660
Submission received: 27 September 2025 / Accepted: 25 February 2026 / Published: 13 April 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Science)
In order to facilitate readers’ better understanding, some language descriptions and grammar as well as the layout of some chapters have been modified. The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated [1].

1. Text Correction

In Abstract, Line 8–9, “and larval packet tests” should be “and egg immersion tests”. In line 10, “LC90” should be “LC50”. In line 11, “0.69 mg/L” should be “0.96 mg/L”.
In the Materials and Methods Section, in lines 100–104, “There were seven groups of snails, including two control (negative and positive) and five treatment groups. The seven groups were designated as follows: Group 1 (negative control, distilled water), Group 2 (cypermethrin), Group 3 (deltamethrin), Group 4 (MgO NPs), Group 5 (ZnO NPs), Group 6 (Fe2O3 NPs), and Group 7 (positive control, DMSO). The five treatment groups (all groups except 1 and 7) were further divided into four sub-groups receiving the following NP concentrations:” should be “There were seven groups of snails, including two control (negative and positive) and five treatment groups. The seven groups were designated as follows: Group 1 (cypermethrin), Group 2 (deltamethrin), Group 3 (MgO NPs), Group 4 (ZnO NPs), Group 5 (Fe2O3 NPs), Group 6 (positive control, DMSO) and Group 7 (negative control, distilled water). The five treatment groups (all groups except controls) were further divided into four sub-groups receiving the following NP concentrations”.
In the Results Section, the caption of Figure 1, “XRD pattern of synthesized (a) Fe2O3, (b) ZnO and (c) MgO nanoparticles.” should be “XRD pattern of synthesized (a) Fe2O3, (b) ZnO and (c) MgO nanoparticles. Intensity has been denoted in ‘a.u’ units”. In lines 170–171, “The egg-laying of Fe2O3 NP treatment groups was approximately 80%, and the lowest lethal Fe2O3 NP concentration required to arrest larval hatching was LC90 = 1.68 mg/L.” should be “The egg-laying of Fe2O3 NP treatment groups was 62%, and the lowest lethal Fe2O3 NP concentration required to arrest larval hatching was LC90 = 1.69 mg/L.”. In lines 178–179, “In the control group, only one of the snails was dead on the fifth day of the trial. Most snails died on day 3 of the trial.” should be “In the control group, only one of the snails was dead on the fifth day of the trial, and the rest survived until the end.”.
In the Discussion Section, in line 188, “[29,30]” should be “[28–30]”. In lines 195–196, “than titanium NPs” should be “than titanium NPs and nickel NPs”.

2. Error in Figures

According to the Academic Editor’s request, we have replaced Figure 1 with an unedited version. As for Figure 2, we have also improved it by enhancing the existing images and increasing the picture quality.
In the original publication, there were some edits required in Figures 3–5 as published. In Figure 3, detailed pointers and additional stereo-micrographs had been added upon suggestion of the Academic Editor. In Figure 4, the mortality and hatching percentage graphs were simplified upon the Academic Editor’s suggestion. In Figure 5, detailed pointers had been added to enhance clarity upon suggestion of the Academic Editor. The corrected versions of Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5 appear below.

3. Error in Table

In the original publication, there was a mistake in Table 1 as published. Units for the lethal concentrations were missing in the table, as previously mentioned in the text. The corrected version of Table 1 appears below.
The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.

Reference

  1. Zaheer, T.; Kandeel, M.; Abbas, R.Z.; Khan, S.R.; Rehman, T.u.; Aqib, A.I. Acaricidal Potential and Ecotoxicity of Metallic Nano-Pesticides Used against the Major Life Stages of Hyalomma Ticks. Life 2022, 12, 977. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Figure 3. Stereomicrographs of Hyalomma. (A) male adult–yellow bar: scutum that covers most of the body; arrow: long mouth parts. (B) Partially fed female—ventral side showing a smaller degree of engorgement and an increase in size due to blood feeding. (C) Un fed female–yellow bar: scutum that covers only 1/3rd of the body; arrow: long mouth part. (D) Eggs—egg mass: black arrows indicate freshly laid eggs with a bright appearance. (E) Female adult tick showing dorsal view. Black arrows indicate the identification point of Hyalomma tick- pale rings on legs.
Figure 3. Stereomicrographs of Hyalomma. (A) male adult–yellow bar: scutum that covers most of the body; arrow: long mouth parts. (B) Partially fed female—ventral side showing a smaller degree of engorgement and an increase in size due to blood feeding. (C) Un fed female–yellow bar: scutum that covers only 1/3rd of the body; arrow: long mouth part. (D) Eggs—egg mass: black arrows indicate freshly laid eggs with a bright appearance. (E) Female adult tick showing dorsal view. Black arrows indicate the identification point of Hyalomma tick- pale rings on legs.
Life 16 00660 g003
Figure 4. Percentage of larval hatching and adult female oviposition of ticks under the effect of iron oxide (A1,A2), magnesium oxide (B1,B2) and zinc oxide nanopesticides (C1,C2). NPs = nanopesticides/nanoparticles.
Figure 4. Percentage of larval hatching and adult female oviposition of ticks under the effect of iron oxide (A1,A2), magnesium oxide (B1,B2) and zinc oxide nanopesticides (C1,C2). NPs = nanopesticides/nanoparticles.
Life 16 00660 g004aLife 16 00660 g004b
Figure 5. Hyalomma ticks subject to nanopesticides. (A) Desiccated egg mass with no larval hatching. (B) Larval hatching from eggs: small larvae (brown-colored, labelled as ‘Lr’) crawling around white egg masses (labelled as ‘Em’) are visible. (C) Dead male ticks. (D) Dead female without ovipositioning (dark-colored); no egg mass found, as in control group. (E) Ovipositioning in control group, with bright egg masses visible (arrow).
Figure 5. Hyalomma ticks subject to nanopesticides. (A) Desiccated egg mass with no larval hatching. (B) Larval hatching from eggs: small larvae (brown-colored, labelled as ‘Lr’) crawling around white egg masses (labelled as ‘Em’) are visible. (C) Dead male ticks. (D) Dead female without ovipositioning (dark-colored); no egg mass found, as in control group. (E) Ovipositioning in control group, with bright egg masses visible (arrow).
Life 16 00660 g005
Table 1. Lethal concentrations owing to application of Fe2O3, MgO and ZnO nanopesticides against Hyalomma ticks.
Table 1. Lethal concentrations owing to application of Fe2O3, MgO and ZnO nanopesticides against Hyalomma ticks.
Acaricide Tick Stage LC50 (mg/L) CI LC90 (mg/L) CI
Iron OxideEgg0.890.04–0.921.690.7–1.9
Larva2.831.9–3.55.582.2–5.9
Adult4.212.7–4.68.345.3–9.4
Magnesium OxideEgg0.930.1–0.931.741.2–1.9
Larva2.911.7–3.25.773.7–6.2
Adult4.273.6–5.18.496.4–9.3
Zinc OxideEgg0.960.05–0.191.802.7–3.4
Larva3.051.1–4.75.935.1–7.7
Adult4.493.2–6.28.886.3–10.1
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MDPI and ACS Style

Zaheer, T.; Kandeel, M.; Abbas, R.Z.; Khan, S.R.; Rehman, T.u.; Aqib, A.I. Correction: Zaheer et al. Acaricidal Potential and Ecotoxicity of Metallic Nano-Pesticides Used Against the Major Life Stages of Hyalomma Ticks. Life 2022, 12, 977. Life 2026, 16, 660. https://doi.org/10.3390/life16040660

AMA Style

Zaheer T, Kandeel M, Abbas RZ, Khan SR, Rehman Tu, Aqib AI. Correction: Zaheer et al. Acaricidal Potential and Ecotoxicity of Metallic Nano-Pesticides Used Against the Major Life Stages of Hyalomma Ticks. Life 2022, 12, 977. Life. 2026; 16(4):660. https://doi.org/10.3390/life16040660

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zaheer, Tean, Mahmoud Kandeel, Rao Zahid Abbas, Shanza Rauf Khan, Tauseef ur Rehman, and Amjad Islam Aqib. 2026. "Correction: Zaheer et al. Acaricidal Potential and Ecotoxicity of Metallic Nano-Pesticides Used Against the Major Life Stages of Hyalomma Ticks. Life 2022, 12, 977" Life 16, no. 4: 660. https://doi.org/10.3390/life16040660

APA Style

Zaheer, T., Kandeel, M., Abbas, R. Z., Khan, S. R., Rehman, T. u., & Aqib, A. I. (2026). Correction: Zaheer et al. Acaricidal Potential and Ecotoxicity of Metallic Nano-Pesticides Used Against the Major Life Stages of Hyalomma Ticks. Life 2022, 12, 977. Life, 16(4), 660. https://doi.org/10.3390/life16040660

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