Biochemical and Microbiological Aspects of the Oral Cavity of Children and Young People with Neurological Impairment and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Type and Ethical Considerations
2.2. Setting
2.3. Participant Selection
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.4. Oral Hygiene Index—Simplified (OHI-S)
2.5. Salivary pH
2.6. Salivary Flow
2.7. Saliva Collection
2.8. Bacterial Analysis
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group I | Group II | Total | p-Value * | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Median (Interquartile) | Median (Interquartile) | Median (Interquartile) | ||
Oral Hygiene (level) | 4.00 (1.68) | 2.00 (0.93) | 2.50 (2.4) | 0.0003 |
Plaque | 2.10 (1.08) | 1.80 (0.5) | 2.00 (0.7) | 0.2939 |
Calculus | 2.00 (0.85) | 0.00 (0.08) | 0.50 (2) | 0.0000 |
Group I | Group II | Total | p-Value * | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Median (Interquartile) | Median (Interquartile) | Median (Interquartile) | ||
Salivary pH | 7.50 (1.0) | 6.00 (0.62) | 6.70 (1.5) | 0.0000 |
Salivary flow | 0.80 (0.5) | 0.70 (0.72) | 0.70 (0.7) | 0.1168 |
Porphyromonas gingivalis | Tannerella forsythia | Treponema denticola | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | |
Group I (%) | 5 (26.3) | 14 (73.7) | 5 (26.3) | 14 (73.7) | 9 (47.4) | 10 (52.6) |
Group II (%) | 10 (50) | 10 (50) | 10 (50) | 10 (50) | 11 (55) | 9 (45) |
Total (%) | 15 (38.5) | 24 (61.5) | 15 (38.5) | 24 (61.5) | 20 (51.3) | 19 (48.7) |
p-value * | 0.2339 | 0.2339 | 0.8759 |
Variables | Β | 95% CI | p-Value * | Model | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dependent | Independent | Lower Bound | Upper Bound | p-Value | R2 | ||
Oral Hygiene | Gastrostomy (1 = yes; 2 = no) | −1.540 | −2.353 | −0.727 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.382 |
Age (years) | 0.042 | −0.035 | 0.120 | 0.277 | |||
Calculus | Gastrostomy (1 = yes; 2 = no) | −1.579 | −2.049 | −1.109 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.604 |
Age (years) | 0.005 | −0.040 | 0.050 | 0.818 | |||
Salivary pH | Gastrostomy (1 = yes; 2 = no) | −1.197 | −1.656 | −0.737 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.492 |
Gender (1 = male; 2 = female) | −0.392 | −0.854 | 0.070 | 0.094 | |||
Salivary flow | Gastrostomy (1 = yes; 2 = no) | −0.064 | −0.334 | 0.205 | 0.630 | 0.092 | 0.124 |
Gender (1 = male; 2 = female) | −0.277 | −0.547 | −0.007 | 0.044 * |
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Duarte, J.C.M.; Costa, I.B.; Teixeira, D.d.B.; Fregatto, L.F.; Mendes, C.G.; Mascarin, A.M.N.; da Silveira Junior, S.B.; Serva, B.E.B.M.; Comar, L.P.; da Silva, R.G.; et al. Biochemical and Microbiological Aspects of the Oral Cavity of Children and Young People with Neurological Impairment and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia. Life 2023, 13, 1342. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13061342
Duarte JCM, Costa IB, Teixeira DdB, Fregatto LF, Mendes CG, Mascarin AMN, da Silveira Junior SB, Serva BEBM, Comar LP, da Silva RG, et al. Biochemical and Microbiological Aspects of the Oral Cavity of Children and Young People with Neurological Impairment and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia. Life. 2023; 13(6):1342. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13061342
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuarte, Janaina Costa Marangon, Isabela Bazzo Costa, Daniel de Bortoli Teixeira, Luiz Fernando Fregatto, Claudemir Gregorio Mendes, Aline Maria Noli Mascarin, Salum Bueno da Silveira Junior, Bianca Eduarda Baptistella Mesquita Serva, Livia Picchi Comar, Roberta Gonçalves da Silva, and et al. 2023. "Biochemical and Microbiological Aspects of the Oral Cavity of Children and Young People with Neurological Impairment and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia" Life 13, no. 6: 1342. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13061342