Immune-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Related Lung Toxicity: A Multicentre Real-Life Retrospective Portrait from Six Italian Centres
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Pulmonary Function Tests
2.3. High-Resolution Computed Tomography
2.4. Bronchoalveolar Lavage
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study Population | |
---|---|
N° | 41 |
Male (%) | 25 (60.9) |
Age (yrs) | 66.8 ± 9.9 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 4.6 |
Smoking history (pack-years) | 31.2 ± 24.6 |
Current: number (%) | 8 (19.5) |
Former: number (%) | 26 (63.4) |
Never: number (%) | 7 (17.1) |
Clinical onset | |
Asymptomatic (%) | 13 (31.7) |
Cough (%) | 8 (19.5) |
Dyspnea (%) | 22 (53.6) |
Fever (%) | 4 (9.7) |
Respiratory failure (%) | 15 (36.5) |
Grading Lung toxicity | |
1 (%) | 14 (34.1) |
2 (%) | 12 (29.2) |
3 (%) | 9 (21.9) |
4 (%) | 6 (14.6) |
PFTs (N° patients) | 15 |
FVC l (% predicted value) | 2.2 ± 0.6 (80.5 ± 17.9) |
FEV1 l (% predicted value) | 1.7 ± 0.6 (75.3 ± 23.9) |
FEV1/FVC | 71.5 ± 12.6 |
DLCO (% predicted value) | 52.7 ± 15.4 |
Therapy status | |
Nivolumab—1st line (%) | 2 (4.8) |
Nivolumab—2nd line (%) | 25 (60.9) |
Nivolumab—3rd line (%) | 5 (12.2) |
Pembrolizumab—1st line (%) | 5 (12.2) |
Pembrolizumab—2nd line (%) | 3 (7.3) |
Nivolumab + ipilimumab—1st line (%) | 1 (2.4) |
Predominant CT Patterns | |
---|---|
Organizing pneumonia (%) | 6 (14.6) |
Ground glass opacities (%) | 23 (56) |
HP-like parenchymal features (%) | 8 (19.5) |
Lung fibrosis (%) | 4 (9.7) |
Emphysema (%) | 14 (34.1) |
Pleural effusion (%) | 3 (7.3) |
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Cameli, P.; Faverio, P.; Ferrari, K.; Bonti, V.; Marsili, S.; Mazzei, M.A.; Mazzoni, F.; Bartolucci, M.; Scotti, V.; Bertolini, F.; et al. Immune-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Related Lung Toxicity: A Multicentre Real-Life Retrospective Portrait from Six Italian Centres. Life 2022, 12, 1149. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12081149
Cameli P, Faverio P, Ferrari K, Bonti V, Marsili S, Mazzei MA, Mazzoni F, Bartolucci M, Scotti V, Bertolini F, et al. Immune-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Related Lung Toxicity: A Multicentre Real-Life Retrospective Portrait from Six Italian Centres. Life. 2022; 12(8):1149. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12081149
Chicago/Turabian StyleCameli, Paolo, Paola Faverio, Katia Ferrari, Viola Bonti, Stefania Marsili, Maria Antonietta Mazzei, Francesca Mazzoni, Maurizio Bartolucci, Vieri Scotti, Federica Bertolini, and et al. 2022. "Immune-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Related Lung Toxicity: A Multicentre Real-Life Retrospective Portrait from Six Italian Centres" Life 12, no. 8: 1149. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12081149