NMUR1 in the NMU-Mediated Regulation of Bone Remodeling
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cells
2.2. Gene Expression Studies
2.3. Antibody Array
2.4. Mice
2.5. Micro Computed Tomography (µCT)
2.6. Histological Analyses
2.7. Serum Analysis
2.8. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Signaling Changes in NMU Knockout Bones
3.2. NMU Regulates Osteoblast Function through NMUR1 In Vitro
3.3. Bone Volume Is Unchanged in the Absence of NMUR1
3.4. Histological and Serum Analyses of NMUR1-Deficient Mice
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Wild Type | Nmur1 Knockout | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Distal Femora | TV (mm3) | 4.639 ± 0.256 | 4.567 ± 0.108 | 0.778 |
BV/TV (ratio) | 0.154 ± 0.023 | 0.195 ± 0.026 | 0.289 | |
Tb.N (#/mm) | 4.767 ±.1956 | 5.387 ± 0.317 | 0.165 | |
Tb.Th (mm) | 0.049 ± 0.003 | 0.050 ± 0.001 | 0.893 | |
Tb.Sp (mm) | 0.204 ± 0.009 | 0.179 ± 0.011 | 0.145 | |
Conn.D (#/mm3) | 161.456 ± 18.937 | 228.086 ± 32.950 | 0.148 | |
SMI | 2.201 ± 0.235 | 1.828 ± 0.205 | 0.262 | |
Proximal Tibiae | TV (mm3) | 1.580 ± 0.099 | 1.752 ± 0.078 | 0.198 |
BV/TV (ratio) | 0.195 ± 0.024 | 0.230 ± 0.021 | 0.314 | |
Tb.N (#/mm) | 5.554 ± 0.161 | 6.051 ± 0.253 | 0.165 | |
Tb.Th (mm) | 0.051 ± 0.002 | 0.053 ± 0.001 | 0.585 | |
Tb.Sp (mm) | 0.168 ± 0.007 | 0.152 ± 0.007 | 0.169 | |
Conn.D (#/mm3) | 176.637 ± 21.492 | 235.875 ± 22.430 | 0.096 | |
SMI | 2.091 ± 0.198 | 1.873 ± 0.151 | 0.394 |
Parameter | Wild Type | Nmur1 Knockout | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mid-diaphysis Femora | TV (mm3) | 0.832 ± 0.045 | 0.820 ± 0.026 | 0.824 |
BV/TV (ratio) | 0.276 ± 0.021 | 0.263 ± 0.016 | 0.641 | |
Ct.Th (mm) | 0.141 ± 0.007 | 0.133 ± 0.008 | 0.514 | |
Mid-diaphysis Tibiae | TV (mm3) | 0.477 ± 0.031 | 0.449 ± 0.029 | 0.539 |
BV/TV (ratio) | 0.256 ± 0.018 | 0.239 ± 0.010 | 0.404 | |
Ct.Th (mm) | 0.192 ± 0.009 | 0.186 ± 0.009 | 0.635 |
Parameter | Wild Type | Nmur1 Knockout | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoid Surface (OS/BS, ratio) | 4.059 ± 1.361 | 8.400 ± 2.217 | 0.163 |
Osteoclast Surface (OcS/BS, ratio) | 0.815 ± 0.309 | 0.608 ± 0.181 | 0.552 |
Osteoclast Number (OcN/BS, #/mm2) | 0.036 ± 0.010 | 0.032 ± 0.007 | 0.764 |
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Hsiao, Y.-T.; Manikowski, K.J.; Snyder, S.; Griffin, N.; Orr, A.L.; Hulsey, E.Q.; Born-Evers, G.; Zukosky, T.; Squire, M.E.; Hum, J.M.; et al. NMUR1 in the NMU-Mediated Regulation of Bone Remodeling. Life 2021, 11, 1028. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11101028
Hsiao Y-T, Manikowski KJ, Snyder S, Griffin N, Orr AL, Hulsey EQ, Born-Evers G, Zukosky T, Squire ME, Hum JM, et al. NMUR1 in the NMU-Mediated Regulation of Bone Remodeling. Life. 2021; 11(10):1028. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11101028
Chicago/Turabian StyleHsiao, Yu-Tin, Kelli J. Manikowski, Samantha Snyder, Nicole Griffin, Ashley L. Orr, Elizabeth Q. Hulsey, Gabriella Born-Evers, Tara Zukosky, Maria E. Squire, Julia M. Hum, and et al. 2021. "NMUR1 in the NMU-Mediated Regulation of Bone Remodeling" Life 11, no. 10: 1028. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11101028