Helios Expression in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Correlates with Overall Survival of Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Tissue Samples
2.2. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
2.3. Double Staining Immunofluoresecence
2.4. Flow Cytometry
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Higher Expression of Helios in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Correlates with Better Overall Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients and Helicobacter Pylori-Positive Gastric Cancer Patients
3.2. Helios Expression in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Was an Independent Factor for Survival in Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients
3.3. The Expression of Helios, CD3, CD4, and CD8 in Gastric Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
GC | Gastric cancer |
TILs | Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes |
Treg | Regulatory T |
HP | Helicobacter pylori |
PBMCs | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells |
TNM | Tumor-node-metastasis |
LN | Lymph node |
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All (n=67) | High (n = 45) | Low (n = 22) | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 68.5 ± 10.0 | 69.2 ± 10.1 | 67.1 ± 10.0 | 0.413 |
Gender | 0.415 | |||
Male | 47 | 33 | 14 | |
Female | 20 | 12 | 8 | |
TNM stage | 0.185 | |||
I + II | 29 | 22 | 7 | |
Advanced (III + IV) | 38 | 23 | 15 | |
LN metastasis | 0.395 | |||
Yes | 44 | 28 | 16 | |
No | 23 | 17 | 6 | |
Distal metastasis | 0.047 | |||
Yes | 10 | 4 | 6 | |
No | 57 | 41 | 16 | |
HP infection | 0.428 | |||
Yes | 44 | 31 | 13 | |
No | 23 | 14 | 9 | |
CD4 | 0.911 | |||
High | 25 | 17 | 8 | |
Low | 42 | 28 | 14 | |
Foxp3 | 0.926 | |||
High | 31 | 21 | 10 | |
Low | 36 | 24 | 12 |
All (n = 38) | High (n = 23) | Low (n = 15) | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 67.7 ± 11.1 | 68.7 ± 11.5 | 66.2 ± 10.8 | 0.507 |
Gender | 0.544 | |||
Male | 25 | 16 | 9 | |
Female | 13 | 7 | 6 | |
LN metastasis | 0.210 | |||
Yes | 37 | 23 | 14 | |
No | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Distal metastasis | 0.122 | |||
Yes | 10 | 4 | 6 | |
No | 28 | 19 | 9 | |
HP infection | 0.311 | |||
Yes | 24 | 16 | 8 | |
No | 14 | 7 | 7 | |
CD4 | 0.851 | |||
High | 12 | 7 | 5 | |
Low | 26 | 16 | 10 | |
Foxp3 | 0.376 | |||
High | 16 | 11 | 5 | |
Low | 22 | 12 | 10 |
Risk Factors | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p |
---|---|---|
Helios | 0.046 | |
High | 1 | |
Low | 2.90 (1.02–8.20) | |
Gender | 0.063 | |
Male | 1 | |
Female | 3.50 (0.94–12.99) | |
Distal metastasis | 0.091 | |
Yes | 1 | |
No | 3.72 (0.81–16.95) | |
HP infection | 0.239 | |
Yes | 1 | |
No | 1.92 (0.65–5.68) | |
CD4 | 0.495 | |
High | 1 | |
Low | 0.63 (0.16–2.39) | |
Foxp3 | 0.901 | |
High | 1 | |
Low | 0.93 (0.30–2.87) |
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Chen, W.-M.; Liu, J.-L.; Chuang, H.-C.; Chang, Y.-L.; Yeh, C.-M.; Wu, C.-S.; Wu, S.-F. Helios Expression in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Correlates with Overall Survival of Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients. Life 2020, 10, 189. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10090189
Chen W-M, Liu J-L, Chuang H-C, Chang Y-L, Yeh C-M, Wu C-S, Wu S-F. Helios Expression in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Correlates with Overall Survival of Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients. Life. 2020; 10(9):189. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10090189
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Wei-Ming, Jing-Lan Liu, Huei-Chieh Chuang, Yong-Lin Chang, Chia-Ming Yeh, Cheng-Shyong Wu, and Shu-Fen Wu. 2020. "Helios Expression in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Correlates with Overall Survival of Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients" Life 10, no. 9: 189. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10090189