Classification of Four-Dimensional Complex Poisson Algebras
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. The Algebraic Classification Method
- (1)
- An commutative associative multiplication denoted by ;
- (2)
- A Lie algebra multiplication denoted by .
- These two operations are compatible in the sense that they satisfy the following Leibniz identity
- (1)
- Compute .
- (2)
- Find the orbits of on .
- (3)
- Choose a representative from each orbit and then construct the Poisson algebra .
3. Poisson Algebras of Dimension 4
- trivial algebra.
- Between these algebras there are precisely the following isomorphisms:
- if and only if .
- if and only if .
- if and only if .
- if and only if .
- if and only if .
- if and only if .
- if and only if .
- if and only if .
- if and only if .
- if and only if .
- if and only if .
4. The Proof of Theorem 2
- .
- ❖
- . If , then , and we get the algebra . Otherwise, let be the first of the following matrices if or the second if :Then . So we obtain the representative . Hence we get the Poisson algebra .
- ❖
- . We define to be the following automorphism:Then . So we get the Poisson algebra .
- .
- ❖
- . If , we choose as follows:Then . Hence we get the Poisson algebras . Furthermore, the Poisson algebras and are isomorphic if and only if . If , we define to be the first of the following matrices if or the second if :Then if or if . So we get the Poisson algebra if or the Poisson algebra if .
- ❖
- . Since , we have . Choose as follows:Then . So we get the Poisson algebra .
- .Since , we have . Let be the following matrix:Then . Therefore, we get the Poisson algebra .
- .
- ❖
- . Let be the first of the following matrices if or the second if :Then if or if . Therefore we obtain the Poisson algebras and .
- ❖
- . Choose as follows:Then and we get the algebra .
- . Then so is . Assume first that . If , we define to be the following automorphism:Then . So we get the Poisson algebra . If , we define to be the following automorphism:Then . So we get the Poisson algebra . Assume now that where .
- ❖
- . Then . If , then for some . So we have the representatives . Moreover, for any , we have with . Thus the representatives are in the same orbit if and only if . Hence we get the algebras . If , we choose as follows:Then . So we get the Poisson algebra .
- ❖
- . Then . If , we choose to be the first of the following matrices when or the second when :Then . So we get the Poisson algebra .If , we choose to be the first of the following matrices if or the second if :Then . So we get the Poisson algebra .
- . Then . Let be the first of the following matrices when or the second when :Then for some . So we have the representatives . Moreover, the representatives are in the same orbit if and only if . So we get the Poisson algebras .
- . Let be the following automorphism:Then . So we obtain the Poisson algebra .
- . Let be the following automorphism:Then . So we obtain the Poisson algebra .
- . Then for any Aut. Thus we have the representatives , and are in the same orbit if and only if . Therefore, we obtain the Poisson algebras .
- . Let us define as follows:Then . So we get the Poisson algebra .
- . Set . Let be the first of the following matrices if or the second if :Then if or with if . Thus we obtain the Poisson algebras and . Moreover, the algebras and are isomorphic if and only if .
- .
- ❖
- . If we choose asthen and so we again get the Poisson algebras .
- ❖
- . If , then , and we get the algebra . If , we choose to be the following automorphism:Then and we have again the algebra .
- . Again, if we define to be the matrixthenSo, by Remark 3, we may assume .
- ❖
- . Then since otherwise . If , we define to be the following matrix:Then . So we have the representatives . If and , we obtain the representative . Morover, the representatives are in the same orbit if and only if . So we get the Poisson algebras . If and , we define to be the following matrix:Then . So we get the Poisson algebra .
- ❖
- . If , we get the algebra . Assume now that . If , we define to be the first of the following matrices if or the second if :Then and we get the Poisson algebra . If , we define to be the following matrix:Then . So we get the Poisson algebra .
- . ThenAssume first that . Set . Then . If , we choose as follows:Then . So we obtain the Poisson algebras . If , then . Further, if we choose asthen . Hence we get the Poisson algebras . Assume now that . Then and . Moreover, if we choose asthen . Hence we get the Poisson algebra .
- . Then and . Choose as follows:Then . So we get the algebra .
- . Then and . Let us consider the following cases:
- ❖
- . Let be the first of the following matrices if or the second if :Then if or if . So we get the algebras and .
- ❖
- . Let be the following automorphism:Then . So we get the algebra .
- ❖
- . Consider the following automorphism:Then with .
- ♦
- . Then whereSo we get the algebra .
- ♦
- . Then whereSo we get the algebra .
- ♦
- . Then for some whereSo we get the algebra .
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Abdelwahab, H.; Sánchez, J.M. Classification of Four-Dimensional Complex Poisson Algebras. Axioms 2025, 14, 804. https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms14110804
Abdelwahab H, Sánchez JM. Classification of Four-Dimensional Complex Poisson Algebras. Axioms. 2025; 14(11):804. https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms14110804
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdelwahab, Hani, and José María Sánchez. 2025. "Classification of Four-Dimensional Complex Poisson Algebras" Axioms 14, no. 11: 804. https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms14110804
APA StyleAbdelwahab, H., & Sánchez, J. M. (2025). Classification of Four-Dimensional Complex Poisson Algebras. Axioms, 14(11), 804. https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms14110804

