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Volume 12
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10.3390/min12040431
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Article

The Relationship between Particle Size and Element Distribution in Stream Sediments from the Dongyuan W-Mo Deposit, Eastern China

by
Fan Yang
1,2,3,
Mu Kong
1,*,
Shuyun Xie
3,*,
Lanshi Nie
1,
Yuntao Song
1,
Chengwen Wang
1,
Wei Han
1,
Emmanuel John M. Carranza
4,5,
Qiaolin Wang
1 and
Zhijuan Guo
1
1
Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China
2
Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources Co., Ltd., Beijing 100012, China
3
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources (GPMR), Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
4
Department of Geology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
5
Geological Sciences, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Minerals 2022, 12(4), 431; https://doi.org/10.3390/min12040431
Submission received: 22 December 2021 / Revised: 27 March 2022 / Accepted: 28 March 2022 / Published: 31 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Understanding Hydrothermal Ore Deposits: Insights from In-situ Analyses)
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Abstract

Particle size exerts significant control on the concentration of elements in stream sediments and is therefore critical in stream sediment-based geochemical exploration, which has proved important in China’s National Geochemical Mapping Project. There are various geographical landscapes in China with different distribution characteristics of stream sediments. Therefore, we studied the relationship between particle size and element distribution in stream sediments, which is always a crucial but challenging issue in geochemical surveys. The distributions of minerals and elements in eight size fractions of stream sediments (2–0.84, 0.84–0.42, 0.42–0.25, 0.25–0.177, 0.177–0.125, 0.125–0.096, 0.096–0.074, and <0.074 mm) from the Dongyuan W-Mo deposit in eastern China were studied. The results show that the 2–0.25 mm particle size fraction of stream sediments is composed mainly of rock debris and various minerals from broken bedrock upstream, while the <0.25 mm fraction is composed mainly of clay, individual minerals, and organic matter. The pilot survey results prove that using 2–0.25 mm as the sampling particle size fraction is better than using <0.25 mm, especially in geochemical prospecting and geological body delineation. Sampling the 2–0.25 mm particle size fraction of stream sediments can help to delineate proven ore bodies, ore-related anomalies, and geological bodies more effectively and more credibly. The suggested sampling particle size fraction for a stream sediment geochemical survey in a humid to semi-humid low mountain landscape in eastern China is therefore 2–0.25 mm, rather than the particle size fraction of <0.25 mm that was used for sampling in this area before. This paper depicts a successful example for determining the optimal sampling particle size fraction for stream sediment-based geochemical exploration.
Keywords: stream sediment; mineral; element; particle size; geochemical exploration stream sediment; mineral; element; particle size; geochemical exploration

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, F.; Kong, M.; Xie, S.; Nie, L.; Song, Y.; Wang, C.; Han, W.; Carranza, E.J.M.; Wang, Q.; Guo, Z. The Relationship between Particle Size and Element Distribution in Stream Sediments from the Dongyuan W-Mo Deposit, Eastern China. Minerals 2022, 12, 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12040431

AMA Style

Yang F, Kong M, Xie S, Nie L, Song Y, Wang C, Han W, Carranza EJM, Wang Q, Guo Z. The Relationship between Particle Size and Element Distribution in Stream Sediments from the Dongyuan W-Mo Deposit, Eastern China. Minerals. 2022; 12(4):431. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12040431

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Fan, Mu Kong, Shuyun Xie, Lanshi Nie, Yuntao Song, Chengwen Wang, Wei Han, Emmanuel John M. Carranza, Qiaolin Wang, and Zhijuan Guo. 2022. "The Relationship between Particle Size and Element Distribution in Stream Sediments from the Dongyuan W-Mo Deposit, Eastern China" Minerals 12, no. 4: 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12040431

APA Style

Yang, F., Kong, M., Xie, S., Nie, L., Song, Y., Wang, C., Han, W., Carranza, E. J. M., Wang, Q., & Guo, Z. (2022). The Relationship between Particle Size and Element Distribution in Stream Sediments from the Dongyuan W-Mo Deposit, Eastern China. Minerals, 12(4), 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12040431

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