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Volume 12
Issue 3
10.3390/min12030298
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Article

First U-Pb Detrital Zircon Ages from Kamlial Formation (Kashmir, Pakistan): Tectonic Implications for Himalayan Exhumation

by
Muhammad Qasim
1,2,3,*,
Javed Iqbal Tanoli
3,*,
Luqman Ahmad
3,
Lin Ding
1,2,
Qasim Ur Rehman
4 and
Umbreen Umber
3
1
Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and Plateau Uplift, Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3
Department of Earth Sciences, Abbottabad Campus, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan
4
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Minerals 2022, 12(3), 298; https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030298
Submission received: 5 January 2022 / Revised: 21 February 2022 / Accepted: 23 February 2022 / Published: 26 February 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Provenance Analysis of Clastics Applied to Sedimentary Geology and Petrology)
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Abstract

This study reports the first-ever detrital zircon provenance investigation of sandstones of the Kamlial Formation, exposed in Kashmir Basin along the Kohala–Bagh road section (Muzaffarabad, Pakistan). Analysis of probability density plots of detrital U-Pb zircon ages displayed a major age population clustered around ≈400–1200 Ma and a minor age population clustered around ≈1600–1900 Ma. In addition, scattered ages existed between ≈2000 and 3000 Ma. This age pattern resembled strongly the Himalayan sources, including the Tethys Himalaya, Greater/Higher Himalaya, and Lesser Himalaya. The younger ages (<150 Ma) present in the studied samples indicated the Asian provenance. The Lesser Himalayan component (≈166–1900 Ma) was more pronounced in the 2015KM03 and 2015KM04 samples, representing the middle to the upper portion of the formation. The recycled orogen provenance of the Kamlial Formation as deduced from the sandstone petrography supports the mixed detrital zircon provenance. Considering the provenance, we propose a tectonic model that suggests that large-scale exhumation occurred in the Himalaya as a result of Panjal thrust activation during 25–14 Ma (age of Kamlial Formation), which uplifted the hinterland zone that acted as a source area that fed the foreland basin, where the Kamlial Formation deposited.
Keywords: detrital zircon provenance; Miocene sequence; Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis; Kashmir foreland-fold belt; Northwestern Himalaya; Himalayan Exhumation detrital zircon provenance; Miocene sequence; Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis; Kashmir foreland-fold belt; Northwestern Himalaya; Himalayan Exhumation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Qasim, M.; Tanoli, J.I.; Ahmad, L.; Ding, L.; Rehman, Q.U.; Umber, U. First U-Pb Detrital Zircon Ages from Kamlial Formation (Kashmir, Pakistan): Tectonic Implications for Himalayan Exhumation. Minerals 2022, 12, 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030298

AMA Style

Qasim M, Tanoli JI, Ahmad L, Ding L, Rehman QU, Umber U. First U-Pb Detrital Zircon Ages from Kamlial Formation (Kashmir, Pakistan): Tectonic Implications for Himalayan Exhumation. Minerals. 2022; 12(3):298. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030298

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qasim, Muhammad, Javed Iqbal Tanoli, Luqman Ahmad, Lin Ding, Qasim Ur Rehman, and Umbreen Umber. 2022. "First U-Pb Detrital Zircon Ages from Kamlial Formation (Kashmir, Pakistan): Tectonic Implications for Himalayan Exhumation" Minerals 12, no. 3: 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030298

APA Style

Qasim, M., Tanoli, J. I., Ahmad, L., Ding, L., Rehman, Q. U., & Umber, U. (2022). First U-Pb Detrital Zircon Ages from Kamlial Formation (Kashmir, Pakistan): Tectonic Implications for Himalayan Exhumation. Minerals, 12(3), 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030298

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