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Volume 15
Issue 10
10.3390/min15101083
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Article

The Efficiency of Fibrous Mg Clays for the Removal of Ciprofloxacine and Lidocaine from Water—The Role of Associated Clay Minerals

by
Telma Belén Musso
1,2,*,
Maria Eugenia Roca-Jalil
1,3,
Vanina Rodriguez-Ameijide
1,3,
Micaela Sanchez
1,3,
Andrea Maggio
1,3,
Miria Teresita Baschini
1,3,
Gisela Pettinari
1,2,
Luis Villa
4,
Alejandro Pérez-Abad
4 and
Manuel Pozo
5,*
1
Institute of Research and Development in Process Engineering, Biotechnology, and Alternative Energies (PROBIEN, CONICET-UNCo), Neuquén 8300, Argentina
2
Department of Geology and Petroleum, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Comahue, Neuquén 8300, Argentina
3
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Comahue, Neuquén 8300, Argentina
4
Minersa Group, 48992 Getxo (Vizcaya), Spain
5
Department of Geology and Geochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Cantoblanco Campus, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Minerals 2025, 15(10), 1083; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15101083
Submission received: 29 August 2025 / Revised: 11 October 2025 / Accepted: 14 October 2025 / Published: 17 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Collection Clays and Other Industrial Mineral Materials)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Adsorption studies of ciprofloxacine (CPX) and lidocaine (LID) emerging contaminants were performed on two fibrous Mg clays from the Madrid basin and Senegal. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, ICP major element analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, optical petrography, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and N2-BET analysis. Two mineral assemblages were established. Assemblage 1 mainly consists of sepiolite and minor trioctahedral smectite, while assemblage 2 is mostly composed of palygorskite, which is associated with dioctahedral smectite. The sorption was fast and reached equilibrium in 2 h. Fibrous Mg clays showed a higher adsorption capacity for CPX than for LID in the conditions studied. CPX adsorption on sepiolite and palygorskite can be the result of the combination of various mechanisms: ion exchange with permanently charged sites, electrostatic attractions with external surfaces, and an inner sphere complex with broken edges. LID adsorption mainly occurs by ion exchange and electrostatic interaction with the external surfaces of the clays. Dioctahedral smectite, as an associated phase, contributed to a higher removal percentage in palygorskite samples. By contrast, the trioctahedral smectite did not play a significant role in the adsorption of the samples with sepiolite. The mesoporous structure, high surface area, and moderate cation exchange of fibrous clays play a key role in the sorption process of CPX and LID.
Keywords: sepiolite; palygorskite; smectite; ciprofloxacine; lidocaine; emerging contaminants sepiolite; palygorskite; smectite; ciprofloxacine; lidocaine; emerging contaminants

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MDPI and ACS Style

Musso, T.B.; Roca-Jalil, M.E.; Rodriguez-Ameijide, V.; Sanchez, M.; Maggio, A.; Baschini, M.T.; Pettinari, G.; Villa, L.; Pérez-Abad, A.; Pozo, M. The Efficiency of Fibrous Mg Clays for the Removal of Ciprofloxacine and Lidocaine from Water—The Role of Associated Clay Minerals. Minerals 2025, 15, 1083. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15101083

AMA Style

Musso TB, Roca-Jalil ME, Rodriguez-Ameijide V, Sanchez M, Maggio A, Baschini MT, Pettinari G, Villa L, Pérez-Abad A, Pozo M. The Efficiency of Fibrous Mg Clays for the Removal of Ciprofloxacine and Lidocaine from Water—The Role of Associated Clay Minerals. Minerals. 2025; 15(10):1083. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15101083

Chicago/Turabian Style

Musso, Telma Belén, Maria Eugenia Roca-Jalil, Vanina Rodriguez-Ameijide, Micaela Sanchez, Andrea Maggio, Miria Teresita Baschini, Gisela Pettinari, Luis Villa, Alejandro Pérez-Abad, and Manuel Pozo. 2025. "The Efficiency of Fibrous Mg Clays for the Removal of Ciprofloxacine and Lidocaine from Water—The Role of Associated Clay Minerals" Minerals 15, no. 10: 1083. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15101083

APA Style

Musso, T. B., Roca-Jalil, M. E., Rodriguez-Ameijide, V., Sanchez, M., Maggio, A., Baschini, M. T., Pettinari, G., Villa, L., Pérez-Abad, A., & Pozo, M. (2025). The Efficiency of Fibrous Mg Clays for the Removal of Ciprofloxacine and Lidocaine from Water—The Role of Associated Clay Minerals. Minerals, 15(10), 1083. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15101083

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