Challenges Related to the Processing of Fines in the Recovery of Platinum Group Minerals (PGMs)
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Centre for Minerals Research, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Cape Town, P Bag X3, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
2
Minerals Expertise Tech Pty Ltd., Germiston 2007, South Africa
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Lev Filippov and Daniel Fornasiero
Minerals 2021, 11(5), 533; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11050533
Received: 23 April 2021
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Revised: 12 May 2021
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Accepted: 17 May 2021
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Published: 18 May 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fine Particle Flotation: Experimental Study and Modelling)
In order to increase the recovery of PGMs by flotation, it is necessary to optimise the liberation of the key minerals in which the platinum group elements (PGEs) are contained which include sulphides, arsenides, tellurides, and ferroalloys among others, while at the same time ensuring the optimal depression of gangue minerals. In order to achieve this, comminution circuits usually consist of two or three stages of milling, in which the first stage is autogeneous, followed by ball milling. Further liberation is achieved in subsequent stages using ultra-fine grinding. Each comminution stage is followed by flotation in the so-called MF2 or MF3 circuits. While this staged process increases overall recoveries, overgrinding may occur, hence creating problems associated with fine particle flotation. This paper presents an overview of the mineralogy of most of the more significant PGM ores processed in South Africa and the various technologies used in comminution circuits. The paper then summarises the methodology used in flotation circuits to optimise recovery of fine particles in terms of the collectors, depressants, and frothers used. The effect of entrainment, slimes coating, changes in rheology caused by the presence of a significant amount of fines and of chromite recovery is addressed.
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Keywords:
fines; PGMs; mineralogy; comminution; flotation; rheology
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MDPI and ACS Style
Corin, K.C.; McFadzean, B.J.; Shackleton, N.J.; O’Connor, C.T. Challenges Related to the Processing of Fines in the Recovery of Platinum Group Minerals (PGMs). Minerals 2021, 11, 533. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11050533
AMA Style
Corin KC, McFadzean BJ, Shackleton NJ, O’Connor CT. Challenges Related to the Processing of Fines in the Recovery of Platinum Group Minerals (PGMs). Minerals. 2021; 11(5):533. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11050533
Chicago/Turabian StyleCorin, Kirsten C., Belinda J. McFadzean, Natalie J. Shackleton, and Cyril T. O’Connor. 2021. "Challenges Related to the Processing of Fines in the Recovery of Platinum Group Minerals (PGMs)" Minerals 11, no. 5: 533. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11050533
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