Understanding the Effect of Stepwise Irrigation on Liquid Holdup and Hysteresis Behavior of Unsaturated Ore Heap
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ore Samples and Its Pretreatment
2.2. Key Parameters of Liquid Retention
2.2.1. Relative Porosity (n*)
2.2.2. Liquid Holdup (θ) and Residual Liquid Holdup (θresidual)
2.2.3. Relative Unsaturated Liquid Holdup (θ′)
2.3. Experimental Design and Irrigation Scheme
2.4. Analytical Apparatus and Device
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Liquid Spreading Performance in the Irrigation and Drainage Procedure
3.2. Residual Liquid Holdup Changes in the Irrigation and Drainage Procedure
3.3. Effect of Packed Crushed Ore Diameter on Liquid Retention
3.4. Residual Steady State Liquid Holdup Features under Stepwise Irrigation
3.5. Effect of Historical Irrigation Condition on Liquid Retention
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Minerals | Mass Fraction (%) |
---|---|
Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) | 0.6 |
Pyrite (FeS2) | 2.7 |
Illite (K0.65Al2.0Al0.65Si3.35O10(OH)2) | 18.0 |
Plagioclase (NaAlSi3O8-CaAl2Si2O8) | 29.2 |
Quartz (SiO2) | 34.5 |
Others | 15.6 |
Total | 100 |
Particle Size (Geometric Mean Diameter), mm | −19.0 + 13.5 (16.02) | −19.0 + 13.5 (16.02) | −11.2 + 9.5 (10.32) | −8.0 + 5.6 (6.69) | −4.0 + 2.0 (2.83) |
Relative Porosity | 0.143 | 0.143 | 0.159 | 0.176 | 0.196 |
Irrigation Method | Uniform | Stepwise | Stepwise | Stepwise | Stepwise |
Superficial Flow Rate, mm/s | 0.1 | 0.075~0.1 | 0.075~0.1 | 0.075~0.1 | 0.075~0.1 |
Moisture Content of Wetted Bed, % | / | 0~10 | 0~10 | 0~10 | 0~10 |
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Wang, L.; Yin, S.; Deng, B. Understanding the Effect of Stepwise Irrigation on Liquid Holdup and Hysteresis Behavior of Unsaturated Ore Heap. Minerals 2021, 11, 1180. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111180
Wang L, Yin S, Deng B. Understanding the Effect of Stepwise Irrigation on Liquid Holdup and Hysteresis Behavior of Unsaturated Ore Heap. Minerals. 2021; 11(11):1180. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111180
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Leiming, Shenghua Yin, and Bona Deng. 2021. "Understanding the Effect of Stepwise Irrigation on Liquid Holdup and Hysteresis Behavior of Unsaturated Ore Heap" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1180. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111180