Transceiver Design and Power Allocation for SWIPT in MIMO Cognitive Radio Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Related Works
1.2. Motivation and Contributions
- The transceiver design and power allocation problem in a MIMO CR network is studied, and an interference-alignment-based precoder design scheme for the SUs is proposed to protect the priority of the PU. This problem is solved by alternating optimization and convex optimization. The minimum transmit power, optimal transceiver and power splitting ratio of the PU are derived to guarantee its SINR and harvested energy constraints by using the SDR technique.
- The precoder of the SUs is analyzed by the theory of minimum squared Euclidean distance. The precoder of the SUs is obtained by eigenvalue decomposition of the interference covariance matrix.
- We propose a PA algorithm to maximize the sum rate of SUs. As the sum rate maximization power allocation algorithm may compromise some user’s performance, we further propose a PA algorithm to maximize the minimum SINR of the SUs.
- The approaches proposed can be implemented in the CR network especially the unlicensed spectrum CR where a PU’s interest must be protected. Moreover, our solutions can be extended to traditional communication network without WPT.
1.3. Organization and Notation
2. System Model and Problem Formulation
2.1. System Model
2.2. Problem Formulation
3. Alternating Optimization
3.1. Transceiver Design and Power Allocation for PU
- 1.
- satisfies .
- 2.
- and satisfy SINR and EH constraint of the problem in Equation (14) with equality.
3.2. Transceiver Design and Power Allocation for SUs
Algorithm 1: Sum rate maximization algorithm. | |
1: | Initialize: give initial feasible and |
2: | repeat |
3: | solve The problem in Equation (13) by CVX with ; |
4: | obtain by EVD of ; |
5: | update by (11); |
6: | until converge or maximum number of iterations |
7: | Output |
8: | calculate by (17) |
9: | obtain by (19) |
10: | given a ; |
11: | repeat |
12: | ← solve the problem in Equation (22) by CVX with given |
13: | update |
14: | until converge or maximum number of iterations; |
15: | Update ; |
16: | Repeat 2–15 until convergence or maximum number of iterations. |
3.3. Maximize Minimum SINR Solution for SUs
3.4. Solution Discussion
4. Simulation Results
5. Conclusions
- Robust design: This paper considers a perfect CSI among all users, thus extending the results in our work to the more general imperfect CSI case is an interesting topic.
- Massive MIMO: Massive MIMO is a promising technology in the 5G communication network, but more effort is needed to design the transceiver for a Massive MIMO case.
- Nonlinear energy harvesting model: In practice, the energy harvesting model is a nonlinearity model; in the near future, we will pay attention to transmission strategies design for nonlinear energy harvesting model.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Proof of the Proposition 1
References
- Valtchev, S.; Borge, B.V.; Brandisky, K.; Klaassens, J.B. Efficient Resonant Inductive Coupling Energy Transfer Using New Magnetic and Design Criteria. In Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE 36th Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Recife, Brazil, 16 June 2005; pp. 1293–1298. [Google Scholar]
- Liu, H. Maximizing Efficiency of Wireless Power Transfer with Resonant Inductive Coupling. 2011. Available online: http://hxhl95.github.io/media/ib_ee.pdf (accessed on 16 October 2018).
- Kurs, A.; Karalis, A.; Moffatt, R.; Joannopoulos, J.D.; Fisher, P.; Soljačić, M. Wireless power transfer via strongly coupled magnetic resonances. Science 2007, 317, 83–86. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jonah, O.; Georgakopoulos, S.V. Wireless Power Transfer in Concrete via Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonance. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 2013, 61, 1378–1384. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Varshney, L.R. Transporting information and energy simultaneously. In Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, Toronto, ON, Canada, 6–11 July 2008; pp. 1612–1616. [Google Scholar]
- Lu, X.; Wang, P.; Niyato, D.; Kim, D.I.; Han, Z. Wireless Networks with RF Energy Harvesting: A Contemporary Survey. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 2015, 17, 757–789. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, D.; Wu, Q.; Zeng, Y.; Zhang, R. Energy Tradeoff in Ground-to-UAV Communication via Trajectory Design. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 2018, 67, 6721–6726. [Google Scholar]
- Zhang, R.; Ho, C.K. MIMO Broadcasting for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 2013, 12, 1989–2001. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Liu, L.; Zhang, R.; Chua, K.C. Wireless Information Transfer with Opportunistic Energy Harvesting. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 2013, 12, 288–300. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ng, D.W.K.; Lo, E.S.; Schober, R. Wireless Information and Power Transfer: Energy Efficiency Optimization in OFDMA Systems. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 2013, 12, 6352–6370. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Wen, Z.; Liu, X.; Zheng, S.; Guo, W. Joint Source and Relay Design for MIMO Two-Way Relay Networks with SWIPT. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 2018, 67, 822–826. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shi, Q.; Liu, L.; Xu, W.; Zhang, R. Joint Transmit Beamforming and Receive Power Splitting for MISO SWIPT Systems. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 2014, 13, 3269–3280. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Wang, F.; Peng, T.; Huang, Y. Decentralized Robust Transceiver Designs for MISO SWIPT Interference Channel. IEEE Access 2018, 6, 4537–4546. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Zong, Z.; Feng, H.; Yu, F.R.; Zhao, N.; Yang, T.; Hu, B. Optimal Transceiver Design for SWIPT in K-User MIMO Interference Channels. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 2016, 15, 430–445. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhao, M.; Cai, Y.; Shi, Q.; Hong, M.; Champagne, B. Joint Transceiver Designs for Full-Duplex K-Pair MIMO Interference Channel with SWIPT. IEEE Trans. Commun. 2017, 65, 890–905. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gomadam, K.; Cadambe, V.; Jafar, S. A distributed numerical approach to interference alignment and applications to wireless interference networks. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 2011, 57, 3309–3322. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhao, N.; Yu, F.R.; Leung, V.C.M. Wireless energy harvesting in interference alignment networks. IEEE Commun. Mag. 2015, 53, 72–78. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, X.; Sun, Y.; Yu, F.R.; Zhao, N. Antenna selection and power splitting for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in interference alignment networks. In Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference, Austin, TX, USA, 8–12 December 2014; pp. 2667–2672. [Google Scholar]
- Guo, J.; Zhao, N.; Yu, F.R.; Liu, X.; Leung, V.C.M. Exploiting Adversarial Jamming Signals for Energy Harvesting in Interference Networks. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 2017, 16, 1267–1280. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lunden, J.; Koivunen, V.; Huttunen, A.; Poor, H.V. Collaborative Cyclostationary Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio Systems. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 2009, 57, 4182–4195. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lee, W.; Cho, D. Enhanced Spectrum Sensing Scheme in Cognitive Radio Systems with MIMO Antennae. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 2011, 60, 1072–1085. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rossi, P.S.; Ciuonzo, D.; Romano, G. Orthogonality and Cooperation in Collaborative Spectrum Sensing through MIMO Decision Fusion. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 2013, 12, 5826–5836. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Mohammad, F.R.; Ciuonzo, D.; Mohammed, Z.A.K. Mean-Based Blind Hard Decision Fusion Rules. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 2018, 25, 630–634. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, Z.; Ding, Z.; Fan, P.; Karagiannidis, G.K. Outage Performance of Cognitive Relay Networks with Wireless Information and Power Transfer. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 2016, 65, 3828–3833. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhou, F.; Li, Z.; Cheng, J.; Li, Q.; Si, J. Robust AN-Aided Beamforming and Power Splitting Design for Secure MISO Cognitive Radio with SWIPT. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 2017, 16, 2450–2464. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tuan, P.V.; Koo, I. Optimal Multiuser MISO Beamforming for Power-Splitting SWIPT Cognitive Radio Networks. IEEE Access 2017, 5, 14141–14153. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xu, C.; Zhang, Q.; Li, Q.; Tan, Y.; Qin, J. Robust Transceiver Design for Wireless Information and Power Transmission in Underlay MIMO Cognitive Radio Networks. IEEE Commun. Lett. 2014, 18, 1665–1668. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fang, B.; Qian, Z.; Zhong, W.; Shao, W. AN-Aided Secrecy Precoding for SWIPT in Cognitive MIMO Broadcast Channels. IEEE Commun. Lett. 2015, 19, 1632–1635. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yuan, Y.; Ding, Z. Outage Constrained Secrecy Rate Maximization Design with SWIPT in MIMO-CR Systems. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 2018, 67, 5475–5480. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wu, F.; Xiao, L.; Yang, D.; Cuthbert, L.; Liu, X. Transceiver Designs for Interference Alignment Based Cognitive Radio Networks with Energy Harvesting. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 2018, 98, 1895–1911. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Grant, M.; Boyd, S. CVX: Matlab Software for Disciplined Convex Programming, Version 2.0 Beta; CVX Research, Inc.: Austin, TX, USA, 2013. [Google Scholar]
- Rezaei, F.; Tadaion, A. Sum-Rate Improvement in Cognitive Radio Through Interference Alignment. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 2016, 65, 145–154. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Boshkovska, E.; Ng, D.W.K.; Zlatanov, N.; Schober, R. Practical Non-Linear Energy Harvesting Model and Resource Allocation for SWIPT Systems. IEEE Commun. Lett. 2015, 19, 2082–2085. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Clerckx, B.; Bayguzina, E. Waveform Design for Wireless Power Transfer. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 2016, 64, 6313–6328. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Zeng, Y.; Clerckx, B.; Zhang, R. Communications and Signals Design for Wireless Power Transmission. IEEE Trans. Commun. 2017, 65, 2264–2290. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Boyd, S.; Vandenberghe, L. Convex Optimization; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 2004. [Google Scholar]
© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Wu, F.; Xiao, L.; Yang, D.; Cuthbert, L.; Liu, X. Transceiver Design and Power Allocation for SWIPT in MIMO Cognitive Radio Systems. Symmetry 2018, 10, 647. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym10110647
Wu F, Xiao L, Yang D, Cuthbert L, Liu X. Transceiver Design and Power Allocation for SWIPT in MIMO Cognitive Radio Systems. Symmetry. 2018; 10(11):647. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym10110647
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Fahui, Lin Xiao, Dingcheng Yang, Laurie Cuthbert, and Xiaoping Liu. 2018. "Transceiver Design and Power Allocation for SWIPT in MIMO Cognitive Radio Systems" Symmetry 10, no. 11: 647. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym10110647