Evaluation of a Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems Spectral Sensor for Soil Properties Estimation

Karyotis, Konstantinos; Angelopoulou, Theodora; Tziolas, Nikolaos; Palaiologou, Evgenia; Samarinas, Nikiforos; Zalidis, George

doi:10.3390/land10010063

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Evaluation of a Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems Spectral Sensor for Soil Properties Estimation

Konstantinos Karyotis

^1,*,

Theodora Angelopoulou

^2,3

²,

⁴ and

^2,5

School of Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, 14th km Thessaloniki-N, Moudania, 57001 Thermi, Greece

Laboratory of Remote Sensing, Spectroscopy, and GIS, Department of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece

Centre of Research and Technology—Hellas (CERTH), Institute for Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology (iBO), Thessaloniki, 57001 Thermi, Greece

⁴

Faculty of Engineering, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece

⁵

Interbalkan Environment Center, 18 Loutron Str., 57200 Lagadas, Greece

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Land 2021, 10(1), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/land10010063

Received: 17 December 2020 / Revised: 6 January 2021 / Accepted: 10 January 2021 / Published: 13 January 2021

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Abstract

Soil properties estimation with the use of reflectance spectroscopy has met major advances over the last decades. Their non-destructive nature and their high accuracy capacity enabled a breakthrough in the efficiency of performing soil analysis against conventional laboratory techniques. As the need for rapid, low cost, and accurate soil properties’ estimations increases, micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) have been introduced and are becoming applicable for informed decision making in various domains. This work presents the assessment of a MEMS sensor (1750–2150 nm) in estimating clay and soil organic carbon (SOC) contents. The sensor was first tested under various experimental setups (different working distances and light intensities) through its similarity assessment (Spectral Angle Mapper) to the measurements of a spectroradiometer of the full 350–2500 nm range that was used as reference. MEMS performance was evaluated over spectra measured from 102 samples in laboratory conditions. Models’ calibrations were performed using random forest (RF) and partial least squares regression (PLSR). The results provide insights that MEMS could be employed for soil properties estimation, since the RF model demonstrated solid performance over both clay (R² = 0.85) and SOC (R² = 0.80). These findings pave the way for supporting daily agriculture applications and land related policies through the exploration of a wider set of soil properties. View Full-Text

Keywords: clay; soil organic carbon; MEMS; soil spectroscopy; NIR; random forest; machine learning; SWIR

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Karyotis, K.; Angelopoulou, T.; Tziolas, N.; Palaiologou, E.; Samarinas, N.; Zalidis, G. Evaluation of a Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems Spectral Sensor for Soil Properties Estimation. Land 2021, 10, 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10010063

AMA Style

Karyotis K, Angelopoulou T, Tziolas N, Palaiologou E, Samarinas N, Zalidis G. Evaluation of a Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems Spectral Sensor for Soil Properties Estimation. Land. 2021; 10(1):63. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10010063

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karyotis, Konstantinos, Theodora Angelopoulou, Nikolaos Tziolas, Evgenia Palaiologou, Nikiforos Samarinas, and George Zalidis. 2021. "Evaluation of a Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems Spectral Sensor for Soil Properties Estimation" Land 10, no. 1: 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10010063

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Evaluation of a Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems Spectral Sensor for Soil Properties Estimation

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