Identification of the Factors Influencing the Baseflow in the Permafrost Region of the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Study Area
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. The Model Improvement and Parameter Optimization
3.2. Baseflow Simulation
3.3. Validation of the Baseflow Simulation
4. Results
4.1. Simulation Effect of the Modified VIC Model
4.2. Baseflow Processes in the Study Area
4.3. The Temporal and Spatial Variations of the Baseflow
4.4. The Impacts of the Different Factors on the Baseflow
4.4.1. The Impacts of Climate Change on the Baseflow
4.4.2. The Impacts of Land Cover on the Baseflow
4.4.3. The Impacts of Active Layer Changes on Baseflow in Permafrost Regions
5. Conclusions and Discussion
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Periods | NS | PBIAS | R2 |
---|---|---|---|
S W E | S W E | S W E | |
1996–2002 | 0.73 0.57 0.78 | 6.55 11.41 7.62 | 0.76 0.59 0.80 |
2003–2009 | 0.74 0.69 0.80 | 2.83 6.06 3.34 | 0.74 0.72 0.81 |
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Qin, J.; Ding, Y.; Han, T.; Liu, Y. Identification of the Factors Influencing the Baseflow in the Permafrost Region of the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Water 2017, 9, 666. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090666
Qin J, Ding Y, Han T, Liu Y. Identification of the Factors Influencing the Baseflow in the Permafrost Region of the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Water. 2017; 9(9):666. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090666
Chicago/Turabian StyleQin, Jia, Yongjian Ding, Tianding Han, and Yuexia Liu. 2017. "Identification of the Factors Influencing the Baseflow in the Permafrost Region of the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau" Water 9, no. 9: 666. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090666