The Relationship between Effective and Equitable Water Allocation, Local Rice Farmer Participation and Economic Well-Being: Insights from Thailand’s Chiang Mai Province
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Demographics of Respondents
3.2. Evaluation of Water Distribution Service to Individual Farm Units
3.3. Participation in the Irrigation Operation
3.4. Yield Performance and Agricultural Income
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Farmer | Gender | Educational Level | Household Members | Status in Family | Average Paddy Cultivation Land (ha) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | Low | Medium | High | ≤4 | >4 | Household Head | Resident | ||
Head-end | ||||||||||
CI (n = 23) (%) | 23 (100) | 0 (0) | 19 (83) | 4 (17) | 0 (0) | 6 (26) | 17 (74) | 21 (91) | 2 (9) | 2.08 |
CIE (n = 43) (%) | 38 (88) | 5 (12) | 30 (70) | 3 (7) | 10 (23) | 17 (40) | 26 (60) | 27 (63) | 16 (37) | 1.92 |
Tail-end | ||||||||||
CI (n = 23) (%) | 23 (100) | 0 (0) | 17 (74) | 0 (0) | 6 (26) | 3 (13) | 20 (87) | 21 (91) | 2 (9) | 3.04 |
CIE (n = 61) (%) | 54 (89) | 7 (11) | 41 (67) | 7 (12) | 13 (21) | 21 (34) | 40 (66) | 37 (61) | 24 (39) | 2.40 |
Number of Respondents | Pearson Correlations of Linear Regression | ANOVA | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paddy Yield in Dry-Season | Annual Paddy Yields | Mean Square | F | Sig. | ||
Active participation in the irrigation operation and maintenance | 150 | 0.37 | 40.29 | 22.71 | 0.000 | |
150 | 0.33 | 15.38 | 14.92 | 0.000 | ||
Farmer information sharing of water allocation | 150 | 0.23 | 16.05 | 8.28 | 0.005 | |
150 | 0.27 | 12.44 | 11.83 | 0.001 |
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Kosanlawit, S.; Soni, P.; Shivakoti, G.P. The Relationship between Effective and Equitable Water Allocation, Local Rice Farmer Participation and Economic Well-Being: Insights from Thailand’s Chiang Mai Province. Water 2017, 9, 319. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9050319
Kosanlawit S, Soni P, Shivakoti GP. The Relationship between Effective and Equitable Water Allocation, Local Rice Farmer Participation and Economic Well-Being: Insights from Thailand’s Chiang Mai Province. Water. 2017; 9(5):319. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9050319
Chicago/Turabian StyleKosanlawit, Saowalak, Peeyush Soni, and Ganesh P. Shivakoti. 2017. "The Relationship between Effective and Equitable Water Allocation, Local Rice Farmer Participation and Economic Well-Being: Insights from Thailand’s Chiang Mai Province" Water 9, no. 5: 319. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9050319