An Analysis of Microplastics Ingested by the Mediterranean Detritivore Holothuria tubulosa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) Sheds Light on Patterns of Contaminant Distribution in Different Marine Areas
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sampling Protocol
2.2. Anatomical Dissection
2.3. Microplastic Extraction and Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Statistical Analysis
3.2. SEM/EDX Microanalyses
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Station | Average Fibers/Indiv. | Average Fragments/Indiv. | Average MPs/Indiv. |
---|---|---|---|
SZ 1 | 23 ± 10 | 27 ± 10 | 50 ± 17 |
SZ 2 | 12 ± 8 | 12 ± 2 | 23 ± 8 |
SZ 3 | 15 ± 6 | 12 ± 4 | 27 ± 8 |
SZ 4 | 18 ± 10 | 6 ± 3 | 24 ± 10 |
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Martines, A.; Furfaro, G.; Solca, M.; Muzzi, M.; Di Giulio, A.; Rossi, S. An Analysis of Microplastics Ingested by the Mediterranean Detritivore Holothuria tubulosa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) Sheds Light on Patterns of Contaminant Distribution in Different Marine Areas. Water 2023, 15, 1597. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15081597
Martines A, Furfaro G, Solca M, Muzzi M, Di Giulio A, Rossi S. An Analysis of Microplastics Ingested by the Mediterranean Detritivore Holothuria tubulosa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) Sheds Light on Patterns of Contaminant Distribution in Different Marine Areas. Water. 2023; 15(8):1597. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15081597
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartines, Alessandra, Giulia Furfaro, Michele Solca, Maurizio Muzzi, Andrea Di Giulio, and Sergio Rossi. 2023. "An Analysis of Microplastics Ingested by the Mediterranean Detritivore Holothuria tubulosa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) Sheds Light on Patterns of Contaminant Distribution in Different Marine Areas" Water 15, no. 8: 1597. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15081597
APA StyleMartines, A., Furfaro, G., Solca, M., Muzzi, M., Di Giulio, A., & Rossi, S. (2023). An Analysis of Microplastics Ingested by the Mediterranean Detritivore Holothuria tubulosa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) Sheds Light on Patterns of Contaminant Distribution in Different Marine Areas. Water, 15(8), 1597. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15081597