Assessment of Microbial Contamination in the Infulene River Basin, Mozambique
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.1.1. Infulene River
2.1.2. Drainage System
2.1.3. Drinking Water Systems
2.2. Sampling
2.3. Physicochemical and Environmental Parameters
2.4. Laboratory Analysis
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of the Area: Point Pollution Sources
3.2. Water Quality Parameters
3.2.1. Group I—Outlet of Wastewater Treatment Plants, Drainage, and River Water
3.2.2. Group II—Water from Boreholes, the Conventional Drinking Water Distribution System, and Shallow Water Wells
3.2.3. Spreading of Contaminated Water
4. Conclusions and Recommendations
4.1. Conclusions
4.2. Recommendations
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Nhantumbo, C.; Cangi Vaz, N.; Rodrigues, M.; Manuel, C.; Rapulua, S.; Langa, J.; Nhantumbo, H.; Joaquim, D.; Dosse, M.; Sumbana, J.; et al. Assessment of Microbial Contamination in the Infulene River Basin, Mozambique. Water 2023, 15, 219. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15020219
Nhantumbo C, Cangi Vaz N, Rodrigues M, Manuel C, Rapulua S, Langa J, Nhantumbo H, Joaquim D, Dosse M, Sumbana J, et al. Assessment of Microbial Contamination in the Infulene River Basin, Mozambique. Water. 2023; 15(2):219. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15020219
Chicago/Turabian StyleNhantumbo, Clemêncio, Nídia Cangi Vaz, Mery Rodrigues, Cândido Manuel, Sífia Rapulua, Jéssica Langa, Hélio Nhantumbo, Dominic Joaquim, Michaque Dosse, José Sumbana, and et al. 2023. "Assessment of Microbial Contamination in the Infulene River Basin, Mozambique" Water 15, no. 2: 219. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15020219