Comparative Analysis of the Hydrodynamic Performance of Dual Flapping Foils with In-Phase and Out-of-Phase Oscillations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Motion Model
2.1. Motion Description
2.2. Mechanical Parameters and Pumping Indicators
3. Numerical Method and Validation
3.1. Governing Equation and Turbulence Model’
3.2. Computational Domain and Mesh Generation
3.3. Boundary Conditions and Parameter Settings
3.4. Verification of the Irrelevance of the Time Steps and Grid Number
3.5. Validation
4. Experimental Setup
4.1. Bionic Pumping Device
4.2. Uncertainty Analysis
5. Results and Analysis
5.1. Influence of Two Oscillation Modes on Mechanical Properties
5.2. Influence of Two Oscillation Modes on the Flow Field
5.3. Influence of Two Oscillation Modes on the Pumping Performance
5.4. Performance Test
6. Conclusions
- (1)
- The mechanical properties of the two oscillation modes exhibit notable distinctions. Out-of-phase oscillation consistently produces thrust throughout a motion cycle, whereas in-phase oscillation generates both thrust and drag forces. Furthermore, under the instantaneous lift coefficient curve, the out-of-phase oscillation is more symmetrical than the in-phase oscillation, indicating that the out-of-phase oscillation’s flow field is more uniform.
- (2)
- The form of the tail vortex structure is a crucial determinant affecting the hydraulic performance of the dual flapping foil. There is a significant difference in the tail vortex structure between the two oscillation modes, with in-phase oscillation forming a pair of vortex streets and out-of-phase oscillation forming two pairs of vortex streets. Furthermore, it influences the flow field, whereby in-phase oscillation results in the formation of a single straight jet, while out-of-phase oscillation led to the formation of two parallel straight jets.
- (3)
- Both oscillations have propulsive effects on the water body. The pumping efficiency of the out-of-phase oscillation is greater than that of the in-phase oscillation. Specifically, with the oscillation frequency f = 1 Hz, the pumping efficiency of the out-of-phase oscillation reaches 38.4%, which is 90.5% greater than that of the in-phase oscillation. Furthermore, it should be noted that the out-of-phase oscillation results in a greater outlet flow, a more uniform flow field structure, and a superior pumping effect. Experimental verification has demonstrated that the out-of-phase oscillation yields a greater outlet flow rate when compared to the in-phase oscillation.
- (4)
- The calculation results show that the dual flapping foil and conventional pumps have similar characteristic curves. However, in the flow rate range of 0.64~1 m3/s, the characteristic curve of the dual flapping foils with in-phase oscillation reveals an “S” type unstable oscillation phenomenon, namely the hump phenomenon, which will lead to the instability of the device. In contrast, out-of-phase oscillation does not exhibit this phenomenon, effectively extending its application range. In addition, the out-of-phase oscillating hydrofoil has a reduced applicable head, allowing it to better meet the requirements of ultra-low head conditions.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Terms | Equipment | Type | Systematic Error |
---|---|---|---|
Flow | Doppler flowmeter | WIM-@ADV | ±1% |
Head | Differential pressure sensor | 3051 | ±0.2% |
Current | Clamp power meter | VC6412D | ±2.5% |
f/Hz | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Expeiment 1 | 0.020 | 0.047 | 0.070 | 0.097 | 0.120 | 0.152 | 0.172 | 0.201 | |
Expeiment 2 | 0.021 | 0.045 | 0.075 | 0.095 | 0.125 | 0.151 | 0.170 | 0.207 | |
Expeiment 3 | 0.025 | 0.050 | 0.068 | 0.096 | 0.123 | 0.147 | 0.175 | 0.205 |
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Hua, E.; Qiu, L.; Xie, R.; Su, Z.; Zhu, W. Comparative Analysis of the Hydrodynamic Performance of Dual Flapping Foils with In-Phase and Out-of-Phase Oscillations. Water 2023, 15, 3275. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183275
Hua E, Qiu L, Xie R, Su Z, Zhu W. Comparative Analysis of the Hydrodynamic Performance of Dual Flapping Foils with In-Phase and Out-of-Phase Oscillations. Water. 2023; 15(18):3275. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183275
Chicago/Turabian StyleHua, Ertian, Linfeng Qiu, Rongsheng Xie, Zhongxin Su, and Wenchao Zhu. 2023. "Comparative Analysis of the Hydrodynamic Performance of Dual Flapping Foils with In-Phase and Out-of-Phase Oscillations" Water 15, no. 18: 3275. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183275