Effects of Soil–Rock Geomorphic Units on the Yield of Surface Runoff: A Case Study on Uncultivated Land of a Karst Area
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site
2.2. Surface Runoff Collection
2.3. Measurement of Soil–Rock Catchment Area
2.4. Measurement of Soil Properties and Root Biomass
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Surface Runoff Yield
3.2. Measurement Results of Environmental Factors
3.3. Correlation of R with Soil Properties and Root Biomass
4. Discussion
4.1. Characteristics of Surface Runoff in the Karst Area
4.2. The Influence Factors of Surface Runoff
4.3. Application
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Soil Depth (cm) | Soil Particle Composition (%) | Soil Texture (USDA System) | Bulk Density (g·cm−3) | Capillary Porosity (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2~0.05 mm | 0.05~0.002 mm | <0.002 mm | ||||
0~10 | 17.15 | 47.70 | 35.15 | Silty clay loam | 1.16 ± 0.13 b | 46.92 ± 3.57 a |
10~30 | 5.36 | 44.39 | 50.25 | Silty clay | 1.29 ± 0.36 a | 41.36 ± 4.78 b |
Number | Rock Projected Area (cm2) | Soil Projected Area (cm2) | Total Projected Area (cm2) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 2575.35 | 1933.32 | 4508.67 |
2 | 4157.06 | 3283.01 | 7440.07 |
3 | 5615.44 | 5597.96 | 11,213.40 |
4 | 5833.86 | 9103.95 | 14,937.80 |
5 | 6849.43 | 5741.17 | 12,590.59 |
6 | 7401.53 | 7439.87 | 14,841.40 |
7 | 9244.61 | 7168.18 | 16,412.79 |
8 | 10,718.32 | 10,715.86 | 21,434.18 |
9 | 11,497.05 | 17,695.52 | 29,192.57 |
10 | 11,578.79 | 8722.13 | 20,300.92 |
Soil Bulk Density | Soil Porosity | Soil Hydraulic Conductivity | Root Biomass | |
---|---|---|---|---|
R62 mm | 0.739 * | −0.780 ** | −0.812 ** | −0.854 ** |
R45 mm | 0.637 * | −0.875 ** | −0.830 ** | −0.719 * |
R32 mm | 0.641 * | −0.786 ** | −0.885 ** | −0.638 * |
R19 mm | 0.396 | −0.321 | −0.250 | −0.235 |
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Zhao, Z.; Wang, Q.; Zhang, J. Effects of Soil–Rock Geomorphic Units on the Yield of Surface Runoff: A Case Study on Uncultivated Land of a Karst Area. Water 2023, 15, 3224. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183224
Zhao Z, Wang Q, Zhang J. Effects of Soil–Rock Geomorphic Units on the Yield of Surface Runoff: A Case Study on Uncultivated Land of a Karst Area. Water. 2023; 15(18):3224. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183224
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhao, Zhimeng, Qinghe Wang, and Jin Zhang. 2023. "Effects of Soil–Rock Geomorphic Units on the Yield of Surface Runoff: A Case Study on Uncultivated Land of a Karst Area" Water 15, no. 18: 3224. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183224