Environmental Remediation of Desalination Plant Outfall Brine Discharge from Heavy Metals and Salinity Using Halloysite Nanoclay

Aljohani, Naif S.; Al-Farawati, Radwan K.; Shabbaj, Ibrahim I.; Al-Mur, Bandar A.; Kavil, Yasar N.; Abdel Salam, Mohamed

doi:10.3390/w13070969

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Environmental Remediation of Desalination Plant Outfall Brine Discharge from Heavy Metals and Salinity Using Halloysite Nanoclay

Naif S. Aljohani

¹,

Radwan K. Al-Farawati

¹,

¹,

² and

^1,3,*

Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Academic Editor: Pei Xu

Water 2021, 13(7), 969; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070969

Received: 2 March 2021 / Revised: 24 March 2021 / Accepted: 25 March 2021 / Published: 31 March 2021

(This article belongs to the Section Wastewater Treatment and Reuse)

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Abstract

Halloysite (HS) nanoclay was used for the environmental treatment of desalination brine water discharge via the adsorptive removal of selected heavy metals ions; zinc, iron, nickel, and copper, as well as salinity. Different techniques were used for the characterization of the HS nanoclay and it was found that HS nanoclay exists as transparent hollow nanotubes with high surface area. The study showed that most of the heavy metal ions could be removed successfully using the HS nanoclay in a few minutes, at normal conditions. The adsorptive removal of zinc, iron, nickel, and copper, as well as salinity on HS nanoclay was explored kinetically. It was concluded that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was able to describe the remediation process. In addition, it was found that most of the heavy metals and salinity were removed from the desalination plant outfall brine discharge and the final concentrations were lower than those in the control and standard samples. View Full-Text

Keywords: brine; kinetics; heavy metals; nanoclay; remediation; salinity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Aljohani, N.S.; Al-Farawati, R.K.; Shabbaj, I.I.; Al-Mur, B.A.; Kavil, Y.N.; Abdel Salam, M. Environmental Remediation of Desalination Plant Outfall Brine Discharge from Heavy Metals and Salinity Using Halloysite Nanoclay. Water 2021, 13, 969. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070969

AMA Style

Aljohani NS, Al-Farawati RK, Shabbaj II, Al-Mur BA, Kavil YN, Abdel Salam M. Environmental Remediation of Desalination Plant Outfall Brine Discharge from Heavy Metals and Salinity Using Halloysite Nanoclay. Water. 2021; 13(7):969. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070969

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aljohani, Naif S., Radwan K. Al-Farawati, Ibrahim I. Shabbaj, Bandar A. Al-Mur, Yasar N. Kavil, and Mohamed Abdel Salam. 2021. "Environmental Remediation of Desalination Plant Outfall Brine Discharge from Heavy Metals and Salinity Using Halloysite Nanoclay" Water 13, no. 7: 969. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070969

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Environmental Remediation of Desalination Plant Outfall Brine Discharge from Heavy Metals and Salinity Using Halloysite Nanoclay

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