Spatial and Temporal Diversity of Cyanometabolites in the Eutrophic Curonian Lagoon (SE Baltic Sea)
1
Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipėda, Universiteto ave. 17, LT-92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania
2
Division of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Marszałka J. Piłsudskiego 46, PL-81378 Gdynia, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Angel Perez-Ruzafa
Water 2021, 13(13), 1760; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131760
Received: 11 May 2021
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Revised: 17 June 2021
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Accepted: 22 June 2021
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Published: 25 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plankton Ecology in Shallow Coastal Waters)
This work aims to determine the profiles of cyanopeptides and anatoxin synthetized by cyanobacteria in the Lithuanian part of the Curonian Lagoon (SE Baltic Sea) and to characterize their spatial and temporal patterns in this ecosystem. Cyanometabolites were analysed by a LC-MS/MS system and were coupled to a hybrid triple quadrupole/linear ion trap mass spectrometer. During the investigation period (2013–2017), 10 microcystins, nodularin, anatoxin-a, 16 anabaenopeptins, including 1 oscillamide, 12 aeruginosins, 1 aeruginosamide, 3 cyanopeptolins and 4 microginins were detected. The most frequently detected metabolites were found at all investigated sites. Demethylated microcystin variants and anabaenopeptins had the strongest relationship with Planktothrix agardhii, while non-demethylated microcystin variants and anatoxin had the strongest relationship with Microcystis spp. Low concentrations of some microcystins: [Asp3]MC-RR, MC-RR, MC-LR, as well as a few other cyanopeptides: AP-A and AEG-A were found during the cold period (December–March). Over the study period, Aphanizomenon, Planktothrix and Microcystis were the main dominant cyanobacteria species, while Planktothrix, Microcystis, and Dolichospermum were potentially producers of cyanopeptides and anatoxin detected in samples from the Curonian Lagoon.
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Keywords:
bioactive cyanometabolites; cyanopeptides; Aphanizomenon; Planktothrix; Microcystis; cyanobacteria; lagoon
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MDPI and ACS Style
Pilkaitytė, R.; Overlingė, D.; Gasiūnaitė, Z.R.; Mazur-Marzec, H. Spatial and Temporal Diversity of Cyanometabolites in the Eutrophic Curonian Lagoon (SE Baltic Sea). Water 2021, 13, 1760. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131760
AMA Style
Pilkaitytė R, Overlingė D, Gasiūnaitė ZR, Mazur-Marzec H. Spatial and Temporal Diversity of Cyanometabolites in the Eutrophic Curonian Lagoon (SE Baltic Sea). Water. 2021; 13(13):1760. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131760
Chicago/Turabian StylePilkaitytė, Renata, Donata Overlingė, Zita Rasuolė Gasiūnaitė, and Hanna Mazur-Marzec. 2021. "Spatial and Temporal Diversity of Cyanometabolites in the Eutrophic Curonian Lagoon (SE Baltic Sea)" Water 13, no. 13: 1760. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131760
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