Hillslope Contribution to the Clark Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph: Application to the Seolmacheon Basin, Korea
1
School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
2
Hydrology and Oceanography Research Center, Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
3
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Mojca Šraj
Water 2021, 13(12), 1707; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13121707
Received: 13 April 2021
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Revised: 18 June 2021
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Accepted: 18 June 2021
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Published: 20 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling Hydrologic Response of Non-homogeneous Catchments)
In this study, the time–area curve of an ellipse is analytically derived by considering flow velocities within both channel and hillslope. The Clark IUH is also derived analytically by solving the continuity equation with the input of the derived time–area curve to the linear reservoir. The derived Clark IUH is then evaluated by application to the Seolmacheon basin, a small mountainous basin in Korea. The findings in this study are summarized as follows. (1) The time–area curve of a basin can more realistically be derived by considering both the channel and hillslope velocities. The role of the hillslope velocity can also be easily confirmed by analyzing the derived time–area curve. (2) The analytically derived Clark IUH shows the relative roles of the hillslope velocity and the storage coefficient. Under the condition that the channel velocity remains unchanged, the hillslope velocity controls the runoff peak flow and the concentration time. On the other hand, the effect of the storage coefficient can be found in the runoff peak flow and peak time, as well as in the falling limb of the runoff hydrograph. These findings are also confirmed in the analysis of rainfall–runoff events of the Seolmacheon basin. (3) The effect of the hillslope velocity varies considerably depending on the rainfall events, which is also found to be mostly dependent upon the maximum rainfall intensity.
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Keywords:
time–area curve; Clark model; instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH); channel velocity; hillslope velocity
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MDPI and ACS Style
Yoo, C.; Doan, H.P.; Jun, C.; Na, W. Hillslope Contribution to the Clark Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph: Application to the Seolmacheon Basin, Korea. Water 2021, 13, 1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13121707
AMA Style
Yoo C, Doan HP, Jun C, Na W. Hillslope Contribution to the Clark Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph: Application to the Seolmacheon Basin, Korea. Water. 2021; 13(12):1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13121707
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoo, Chulsang, Huy Phuong Doan, Changhyun Jun, and Wooyoung Na. 2021. "Hillslope Contribution to the Clark Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph: Application to the Seolmacheon Basin, Korea" Water 13, no. 12: 1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13121707
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