Remote-Sensing-Based Water Balance for Monitoring of Evapotranspiration and Water Stress of a Mediterranean Oak–Grass Savanna

Carpintero, Elisabet; Andreu, Ana; Gómez-Giráldez, Pedro J.; Blázquez, Ángel; González-Dugo, María P.

doi:10.3390/w12051418

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Remote-Sensing-Based Water Balance for Monitoring of Evapotranspiration and Water Stress of a Mediterranean Oak–Grass Savanna

Elisabet Carpintero

Ana Andreu

Pedro J. Gómez-Giráldez

Ángel Blázquez

and

María P. González-Dugo

IFAPA, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training of Andalusia, Avd. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14071 Córdoba, Spain

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Water 2020, 12(5), 1418; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12051418

Received: 20 April 2020 / Revised: 12 May 2020 / Accepted: 13 May 2020 / Published: 16 May 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Agriculture Water Management and Water Saving Strategies)

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Abstract

Mediterranean oak savannas (known as dehesas in Spain) are exposed to numerous threats from natural and economic causes. A close monitoring of the use of water resources and the status of the vegetation in these ecosystems can be useful tools for maintaining the production of ecological services. This study explores the estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) and water stress over a dehesa by integrating remotely sensed data into a water balance using the FAO-56 approach (VI-ET_o model). Special attention is paid to the different phenology and contribution to the system’s hydrology of the two main canopy layers of the system (tree + grass). The results showed that the model accurately reproduced the dynamics of the water consumed by the vegetation, with RMSE of 0.47 mm day⁻¹ and low biases for both, the whole system and the grass layer, when compared with flux tower measurements. The ET/ET_o ratio helped to identify periods of water stress, confirmed for the grassland by measured soil water content. The modeling scheme and Sentinel-2 temporal resolution allowed the reproduction of fast and isolated ET pulses, important for understanding the hydrologic behavior of the system, confirming the adequacy of this sensor for monitoring grasslands water dynamics. View Full-Text

Keywords: soil water balance; canopy coefficients; evapotranspiration (ET); vegetation indices (VIs); VI-ET_o model; dehesa ecosystem; grasslands

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Carpintero, E.; Andreu, A.; Gómez-Giráldez, P.J.; Blázquez, Á.; González-Dugo, M.P. Remote-Sensing-Based Water Balance for Monitoring of Evapotranspiration and Water Stress of a Mediterranean Oak–Grass Savanna. Water 2020, 12, 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12051418

AMA Style

Carpintero E, Andreu A, Gómez-Giráldez PJ, Blázquez Á, González-Dugo MP. Remote-Sensing-Based Water Balance for Monitoring of Evapotranspiration and Water Stress of a Mediterranean Oak–Grass Savanna. Water. 2020; 12(5):1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12051418

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carpintero, Elisabet, Ana Andreu, Pedro J. Gómez-Giráldez, Ángel Blázquez, and María P. González-Dugo. 2020. "Remote-Sensing-Based Water Balance for Monitoring of Evapotranspiration and Water Stress of a Mediterranean Oak–Grass Savanna" Water 12, no. 5: 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12051418

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Remote-Sensing-Based Water Balance for Monitoring of Evapotranspiration and Water Stress of a Mediterranean Oak–Grass Savanna

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