Nutrients Enrichment and Process Repercussions in Hybrid Microfiltration Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor: A Guideline for Forward Osmosis Development Based on Lab-Scale Experience
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- The salinity buildup either via reverse salt flux or high FO rejection of influent substrate ions;
- The influence of FO membrane salt permeability on total dissolved solids (TDS) accumulation in the sludge.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. FO and MF Membranes
2.2. MF-OMBR System
2.3. Experimental Protocol and FO Membrane Characterization
2.4. Membrane Fouling Propensity: TMP-Step Method
2.5. Analytical Methods
2.6. Simulations on Salt Accumulation at Varying Salt Diffusivities and Concentration Factors
3. Results
3.1. MF-OMBR Process Parameters under Varying Salinity Conditions and Concentration Factors
3.2. Nutrients Enrichment in the MF-OMBR System
3.3. Membrane Fouling Assessment
3.4. TDS Accumulation from High FO Rejection of Inlet TDS and Reverse Salt Flux from DS
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Compound | Concentration (mg L−1) |
---|---|
Glucose (C6H12O6) | 1000 |
Peptone | 1000 |
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) | 175 |
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) | 175 |
Ferrous sulfate hepthahydrate (FeSO4٠7H2O) | 100 |
Sodium acetate (CH3COONa) | 2250 |
Urea (CH4N2O) | 350 |
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Gurung, K.; Christensen, M.L.; Sillanpää, M.; Ncibi, M.C.; Jørgensen, M.K. Nutrients Enrichment and Process Repercussions in Hybrid Microfiltration Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor: A Guideline for Forward Osmosis Development Based on Lab-Scale Experience. Water 2020, 12, 1098. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12041098
Gurung K, Christensen ML, Sillanpää M, Ncibi MC, Jørgensen MK. Nutrients Enrichment and Process Repercussions in Hybrid Microfiltration Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor: A Guideline for Forward Osmosis Development Based on Lab-Scale Experience. Water. 2020; 12(4):1098. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12041098
Chicago/Turabian StyleGurung, Khum, Morten Lykkegaard Christensen, Mika Sillanpää, Mohamed Chaker Ncibi, and Mads Koustrup Jørgensen. 2020. "Nutrients Enrichment and Process Repercussions in Hybrid Microfiltration Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor: A Guideline for Forward Osmosis Development Based on Lab-Scale Experience" Water 12, no. 4: 1098. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12041098
APA StyleGurung, K., Christensen, M. L., Sillanpää, M., Ncibi, M. C., & Jørgensen, M. K. (2020). Nutrients Enrichment and Process Repercussions in Hybrid Microfiltration Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor: A Guideline for Forward Osmosis Development Based on Lab-Scale Experience. Water, 12(4), 1098. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12041098