Integrated Water Management at the Peri-Urban Interface: A Case Study of Monterey, California
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Developing an Integrated Water Network
3.1.1. Restrictions on Conventional Water Supplies
3.1.2. Castroville Seawater Intrusion Project
3.1.3. Pure Water Monterey
3.1.4. Regional Urban Water Augmentation Project
3.1.5. One Water
3.2. Novel Water Sourcing
3.3. Future Adaptability and Expansion
3.3.1. Pure Water Monterey Expansion
3.3.2. Castroville Seawater Intrusion Project Expansion
3.3.3. Regional Urban Water Augmentation Project Phase 2
3.4. Challenges and Path Forward
3.4.1. Winter Storage to Meet Summer Demand
3.4.2. Funding and Proposition 218
3.4.3. Debating Desalination
3.4.4. Debating Public versus Private Water Supply
3.4.5. Planning Supply for Uncertain Demand
3.5. Integrated Water Management
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Appendix A.1. Source Waters
Appendix A.1.1. Blanco Drain
Appendix A.1.2. Reclamation Ditch
Appendix A.1.3. Ag Wash
Appendix A.1.4. Salinas Stormwater
Appendix A.1.5. Municipal Wastewater
Appendix A.2. Recycled Water Treatment & Storage
Appendix A.2.1. Treatment Concerns
Appendix A.2.2. Tertiary Treatment Selection
Appendix A.2.3. Regulatory Context for Subsurface Storage of Recycled Water
Appendix A.2.4. Pure Water Monterey Treatment System Design
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Priority Ranking | Proposed Project | Description | Est. Yield m3/y (AFY) | Est. Cost $/m3 ($/AF) |
---|---|---|---|---|
#2 | Optimize CSIP Operations | Maximize use of available water within distribution constraints | 6.8 × 106 (5500) | $0.22 ($270) |
#3 | Modify RTP | Decrease minimum SVRP capacity to allow production for winter irrigation demand | 1.4 × 106 (1100) | $0.07 ($90) |
#4 | Expand CSIP Area | Expand distribution by 14 km2 (3500 acres) | 12 × 106 (9900) | $0.51 ($630) |
#5 | Optimize Salinas River Diversion Facility | Maximize diversion from the Salinas River | 14 × 106 (11,600) | $0.18 ($220) |
Program | Agency | Source Water | Treatment | Production m3/y (AFY) | Use | Storage Volume m3 (AF) | Storage Location | Interfaces | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CSIP [13,21,30,32,43,51] | Castroville Seawater Intrusion Project | M1W, MCWRA | Wastewater Ag wash Urban runoff Rec. Ditch Blanco Drain | Tertiary | 24.1 × 106 (19,500) 1 | Agricultural irrigation | 0.1 × 106 (80) | RTP pond | RTP, source water (all) Drought reserve (PWM) |
Expansion | 12.2 × 106 (9900) | 4–9 × 106 (3000–7000) | Armstrong Ranch subsurface | ||||||
PWM [13,39,44,47,48] | Pure Water Monterey | M1W, MPWMD | Advanced | 4.3 × 106 (3500) | Groundwater replenishment | 1.3 × 106 (1065) + 7000 (6) | SIWTF ponds, Blackhorse Reservoir | RTP, source water (all) Drought reserve (CSIP) Pipeline (RUWAP) | |
Expansion | 2.8 × 106 (2250) | ||||||||
RUWAP [13,42,47,48] | Regional Urban Water Augmentation Project | MCWD, M1W | 0.7 × 106 (600) | Urban irrigation | 7000 (6) | Blackhorse Reservoir | RTP, source water (all) Pipeline (PWM) | ||
Phase 2 | 1.0 × 106 (827) |
Project | MPWSP Desalination | PWM Expansion |
---|---|---|
Yield, m3/y (AFY) | 7.7 × 106 (6250) [48] | 2.8 × 106 (2250) [48] |
Cost, $/m3 ($/AF) | $4.90–6.50 ($6000–8000) [65] | $1.70 ($2100) [65] |
Energy Demand, kWh/m3 (MWh/AF) | 6.7 (8.3) [36] | 2.1 (2.6) [48] |
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Gile, B.C.; Sciuto, P.A.; Ashoori, N.; Luthy, R.G. Integrated Water Management at the Peri-Urban Interface: A Case Study of Monterey, California. Water 2020, 12, 3585. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12123585
Gile BC, Sciuto PA, Ashoori N, Luthy RG. Integrated Water Management at the Peri-Urban Interface: A Case Study of Monterey, California. Water. 2020; 12(12):3585. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12123585
Chicago/Turabian StyleGile, Bridget C., Paul A. Sciuto, Negin Ashoori, and Richard G. Luthy. 2020. "Integrated Water Management at the Peri-Urban Interface: A Case Study of Monterey, California" Water 12, no. 12: 3585. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12123585
APA StyleGile, B. C., Sciuto, P. A., Ashoori, N., & Luthy, R. G. (2020). Integrated Water Management at the Peri-Urban Interface: A Case Study of Monterey, California. Water, 12(12), 3585. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12123585