Chromaticity Measurement Based on the Image Method and Its Application in Water Quality Detection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design of a Measurement System Structure
2.1.1. Image Acquisition Device
2.1.2. Software Design
2.2. Preparation and Information Acquisition of Chromaticity Standard Solution
2.3. Preparation and Data Acquisition of Standard Solutions of Ammonia Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Chloride
3. Results
3.1. Fitting Results
3.2. Measurement Results
3.3. Contrast Experiment of Standard Chromaticity Solution
3.4. Contrast Experiment of Actual Water Sample
4. Discussion and Further Application
4.1. Camera Combined with Image Processing Technology instead of Photoelectric Instrument to Detect Colorable Substances in Water
4.2. Application in the Detection of Ammonia Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Chloride in Water
4.3. Comparison of Water Quality Detection Methods based on Camera Image
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chromaticity (°) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Standard solution | 20 | 55 | 150 | 265 | 430 |
HS surface fitting | 18.07 | 50.00 | 151.63 | 264.54 | 456.72 |
Error | 1.93 | 5.00 | 1.63 | 0.46 | 26.72 |
Methods | Standard Solution (°) | Mean Error (°) | Std Dev (°) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Standard solution | 20 | 55 | 150 | 265 | 430 | ||
The proposed method | 18.07 | 50.00 | 151.63 | 264.54 | 456.72 | 7.15 | 5.46 |
Spectrophotometry | 10.77 | 60.74 | 156.25 | 270.63 | 453.87 | 10.14 | 5.51 |
Methods | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 | Sample 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Proposed Method (°) | 3.08 | 7.99 | 21.40 | 9.08 | 7.04 |
Spectrophotometry (°) | 3.00 | 9.10 | 21.32 | 10.21 | 6.88 |
Error (°) | 0.08 | 1.11 | 0.08 | 1.13 | 0.16 |
Methods | Chromaticity (°) | t | p |
---|---|---|---|
The Proposed Method | 9.72 ± 3.09 | −0.09 | 0.93 |
Spectrophotometry | 10.10 ± 3.06 |
Solutes | Maximum Error (mg/L) | Minimum Error (mg/L) | Mean Deviation (mg/L) |
---|---|---|---|
Ammonia nitrogen | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.008 |
Phosphate | 0.081 | 0.000 | 0.031 |
Chloride | 0.66 | 0.05 | 0.372 |
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Cao, P.; Zhu, Y.; Zhao, W.; Liu, S.; Gao, H. Chromaticity Measurement Based on the Image Method and Its Application in Water Quality Detection. Water 2019, 11, 2339. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11112339
Cao P, Zhu Y, Zhao W, Liu S, Gao H. Chromaticity Measurement Based on the Image Method and Its Application in Water Quality Detection. Water. 2019; 11(11):2339. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11112339
Chicago/Turabian StyleCao, Pingping, Yuanyang Zhu, Wenzhu Zhao, Sheng Liu, and Hongwen Gao. 2019. "Chromaticity Measurement Based on the Image Method and Its Application in Water Quality Detection" Water 11, no. 11: 2339. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11112339