Dynamic Risk Assessment of Collapse Geological Hazards on Highway Slopes in Basalt Regions During Rainy Seasons
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Research Area and Data
2.2. Data Sources
2.3. Theoretical Basis
2.4. Establishment of the SD Model
2.5. Basis for Calculating Important Parameters of the SD Model
3. Simulation and Risk Assessment
3.1. Computer Simulation Program Design
3.2. Risk Mapping
4. Results and Discussion
- (A)
- Advancements in dynamic risk assessment.
- (B)
- Improvements in spatial precision.
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Data Types | Information Mining of Key Parameters in the SD Model |
---|---|
Socioeconomic data | It is used to calculate GDP, population, income level, scientific research level, education, etc., as shown in Equations (3) and (4). |
RS images | For slope stability studies; they involve the calculation of parameter C (Equation (7)), etc. |
Topographic | The overview is shown in Figure 1, including the determination of S and L (Equations (8) and (9)) and the calculation of slope stability. |
Land use data | It involves calculating slope stability, conducting exposure analysis and research, and determining parameter P. |
Meteorological data | To calculate the important parameters of slope erosion, see Equation (5). Additionally, it is used for research on the exposure of hazard-bearing bodies. |
Regional geological maps | They are applied to slope stability analysis. |
Highway traffic | It is applicable to the highway sensitivity index. |
Administrative area maps | They are used in the calculation and statistics of processes. |
Year | Month | Rainfall (mm) | Year | Month | Rainfall (mm) | Year | Month | Rainfall (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2026 | 5 | 68.0 | 2028 | 5 | 68.4 | 2030 | 5 | 68.9 |
6 | 85.4 | 6 | 89.2 | 6 | 88.7 | |||
7 | 167.2 | 7 | 167.1 | 7 | 166.9 | |||
8 | 137.2 | 8 | 135.7 | 8 | 134.2 | |||
9 | 53.5 | 9 | 52.7 | 9 | 52.0 | |||
2027 | 5 | 68.2 | 2029 | 5 | 68.6 | |||
6 | 87.9 | 6 | 87.7 | |||||
7 | 167.2 | 7 | 167.0 | |||||
8 | 136.4 | 8 | 134.9 | |||||
9 | 53.1 | 9 | 52.4 |
Risk Level | Month | Spatial Location | Township to Which it Belongs | Corresponding Grid Number |
---|---|---|---|---|
Low risk or no risk | 1,2,3,4, 9,10,11,12 | -- | -- | -- |
Medium-risk Zone 1 | 5 | 127°49′12″ E, 41°24′51″ N | Anle Village | 201,254 |
Medium-risk Zone 2 | 127°52′21″ E, 41°26′47″ N | Lenggouzi Village | 929 | |
Medium-risk Zone 1 | 6 | 127°50′38″ E, 41°25′24″ N | Anle Village | 403 |
High-risk Zone 1 | 127°49′12″ E, 41°24′51″ N | Anle Village | 201,254 | |
High-risk Zone 2 | 127°52′21″ E, 41°26′47″ N | Lenggouzi Village | 929 | |
Medium-risk Zone 1 | 7 | 127°44′10″ E, 41°25′36″ N | Shisandaowan Village | 474 |
High-risk Zone 1 | 127°46′39″ E, 41°25′38″ N | Shisandaogou Village | 390,481 | |
High-risk Zone 2 | 127°50′38″ E, 41°25′24″ N | Anle Village | 201,254,321,322,326,327,403 | |
High-risk Zone 3 | 127°52′23″ E, 41°26′47″ N | The section from Lenggouzi Village to Jiguanlazi Village | 699,811,815,704,929,930,931 | |
High-risk Zone 4 | 127°55′16″ E, 41°27′20″ N | Shisidaogou Village | 1056,1173,1174 | |
High-risk Zone 1 | 8 | 127°46′39″ E, 41°25′38″ N | Shisandaogou Village | 481 |
High-risk Zone 2 | 127°49′12″ E, 41°24′51″ N | Anle Village | 201,254,321,397 | |
High-risk Zone 3 | 127°51′21″ E, 41°25′8″ N | Anle Village | 326,327,403 | |
High-risk Zone 4 | 127°52′21″ E, 41°26′47″ N | The section from Lenggouzi Village to Jiguanlazi Village | 174,196,197,704,815,931 | |
High-risk Zone 5 | 127°55′16″ E, 41°27′20″ N | Shisidaogou Village | 1173 |
Corresponding Grid Number | On-Site Investigation Situation | Photo | Corresponding Grid Number | On-Site Investigation Situation | Photo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1173 | The slope has a height difference of 25 m, with an estimated volume of 9100 m3. The volume of debris accumulated at the foot of the slope is 11.88 m3. A collapse occurred in 2012, which posed a threat to both residents and the highway infrastructure. The designation of this area as high-risk during heavy rainfall periods is consistent with the research findings. | 811 | The slope height difference is about 15 m, and the predicted volume is 4800 m3. This is identified as a high-risk area. | ||
704, 815, 929, 930 | A protective net has been installed on the slope; however, multiple areas have sustained damage. The predicted collapse volume is 26,000 m3, with an average weathered layer thickness of about 2 m and an unloading depth of about 1.2 m. The designation of this area as high-risk during heavy rainfall periods is consistent with the research findings. | 931 | The rock slope has a height difference of about 45 m, with a predicted volume of about 10,000 m3. Eight clustered disaster points have been identified within 1 km. This area is classified as high-risk. | ||
390 | The height difference in the slope is about 20 m, with an estimated volume of 6100 m3. The structure is predominantly blocky, with an accumulation volume of about 9 m3. This condition poses a threat to the highway, resulting in a high-risk classification during the rainy season. | 474 | The predicted volume of unstable material is about 9000 m3. The top of the slope is unstable, and there is a risk of rockfall, posing a threat to the highway. |
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Share and Cite
Qian, L.; Zhao, P.; Li, Z. Dynamic Risk Assessment of Collapse Geological Hazards on Highway Slopes in Basalt Regions During Rainy Seasons. Atmosphere 2025, 16, 978. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16080978
Qian L, Zhao P, Li Z. Dynamic Risk Assessment of Collapse Geological Hazards on Highway Slopes in Basalt Regions During Rainy Seasons. Atmosphere. 2025; 16(8):978. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16080978
Chicago/Turabian StyleQian, Lihui, Peng Zhao, and Zhongshui Li. 2025. "Dynamic Risk Assessment of Collapse Geological Hazards on Highway Slopes in Basalt Regions During Rainy Seasons" Atmosphere 16, no. 8: 978. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16080978
APA StyleQian, L., Zhao, P., & Li, Z. (2025). Dynamic Risk Assessment of Collapse Geological Hazards on Highway Slopes in Basalt Regions During Rainy Seasons. Atmosphere, 16(8), 978. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16080978