Genesis of New Particle Formation Events in a Semi-Urban Location in Eastern Himalayan Foothills
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Observation Site
2.2. Instrumentation and Data
2.3. Satellite Data
2.4. Estimation of Coagulation Loss (Fcoag), Condensation Sink (CondS), and Particle Growth Rate (GR)
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Average Diurnal Variation of Number Concentration and Geometric Mean Diameter (GMD)
3.2. Identification of NPF Events
3.3. Characterisation of One of the NPF Events
3.3.1. Variation of Number Concentration (Ntotal) with a Geometric Mean Diameter (GMD)
3.3.2. Variation of Coagulation Loss (Fcoag), Condensation Sink (CondS) in Different Mode Regimes and Growth Rate (GR)
3.3.3. Statistical Interpretation of NPF Parameters
Location | Location Type | Measurement Period | Instrument | Size Range (nm) | CondS (10−3 s−1) | GR (nm/hr) | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lanzhou, China | Suburban | June–July 2006 | DMA | 10–500 | 9.0–24.0 | 1.4–16.9 | [66] |
Vavihill, Sweden | Rural | February–May 2001–2004 | DMPS | 3–900 | 5.4 | 2.5 | [67] |
Egbert, Canada | Rural | June–July 2007 | FMPS + SMPS | 14–1000 | 07 ± 0.5 | 5.1 | [62] |
Hyytiala, Finland | Forest rural | October 2010–September 2011 | DMPS + PSM + CPCB + NAIS + AIS + BSMA | 0.9–1000, | ND | 1.4 | [15] |
Shanghai, China | Urban | November 2013–January 2014 | nCNC + SMPS | 1.34–3, 14–615 | 27.0 | 2.3 | [68] |
India (Delhi, New delhi Pune, Hyerabad) | Urban | November–December 2011, 1–7 November 2016 March–May 2012, April–June 2019 | SMPS, DMPS, NAIS + SMPS, nCNC + SMPS | 9–245, 10–800, 3.85–47.8, 1–514 | 60.0, 60–170 6.6 ± 1.5, 17 ± 16.5 | 3.9, 1.6–30 7.4 ± 1.4, 2.2 ± 1.7 | [36], [65], [69], [39] |
India (Solapur, Gadanki) | Semi-urban/ Semi-rural | August 2018–January 2019, May–July 2012 | SMPS, WRAS | 15–700, 5–32 | 16.4 ± 6, 7.1 ± 4.6 | 1.2–13.8, 4.1 ±2.0 | [36], [32] |
India (Mahabaleshwar, Mukteshwar, Ranichauri, Hanle) | Mountain | October–November 2014, November 2005–January 2010, December 2016–September 2018, August 2010 | WRAS, DMPS, DMPS, SMPS | 5–32, 10–800, 10–800, 16–1364 | 15.4 ± 2.6, 7.4 ± 4.3, 8.6 ± 5.8, - | 1.4 ± 0.4, 2.4, 6.7 ± 3.8, 0.1 ±20.0 | [70], [71], [72], [31] |
India (ICARB-2018) | Cruise | January–February 2018 | SMPS | 10–414 | 19.8 ± 55.0 | 14.4 ± 13.1 | [35] |
India (Dibrugarh) | Semi-urban | November–December 2016 | SMPS | 10.2–333.8 | 7.2 ± 3.6 | 17.16± 12.29 | present Study |
3.4. NPF Precursor Dynamics
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Date (2016) | Ntotal (104 cm−3) | GMD (nm) | CoagStotal (10−4 s−1) | CondStotal (10−3 s−1) | Fcoagtotal (cm−3 s−1) | GR (nm/hr) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 December | 2.09 ± 1.29 | 60.72 ± 18.59 | 2.28 ± 1.40 | 8.20 ± 1.18 | 6.58 ± 7.55 | 13 |
3 December | 1.30 ± 0.63 | 88.56 ± 16.32 | 1.42 ± 0.69 | 3.20 ± 2.12 | 2.29 ± 2.85 | 31 |
16 December | 1.88 ± 1.60 | 81.20 ± 23.71 | 2.06 ± 1.75 | 10.2 ± 13.1 | 6.69 ± 9.89 | 7.5 |
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Das, B.; Pathak, B.; Chutia, L.; Subba, T.; Bhuyan, P.K. Genesis of New Particle Formation Events in a Semi-Urban Location in Eastern Himalayan Foothills. Atmosphere 2023, 14, 795. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14050795
Das B, Pathak B, Chutia L, Subba T, Bhuyan PK. Genesis of New Particle Formation Events in a Semi-Urban Location in Eastern Himalayan Foothills. Atmosphere. 2023; 14(5):795. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14050795
Chicago/Turabian StyleDas, Barlin, Binita Pathak, Lakhima Chutia, Tamanna Subba, and Pradip Kumar Bhuyan. 2023. "Genesis of New Particle Formation Events in a Semi-Urban Location in Eastern Himalayan Foothills" Atmosphere 14, no. 5: 795. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14050795