Deciphering the Adaptation of Corynebacterium glutamicum in Transition from Aerobiosis via Microaerobiosis to Anaerobiosis

Lange, Julian; Münch, Eugenia; Müller, Jan; Busche, Tobias; Kalinowski, Jörn; Takors, Ralf; Blombach, Bastian

doi:10.3390/genes9060297

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Deciphering the Adaptation of Corynebacterium glutamicum in Transition from Aerobiosis via Microaerobiosis to Anaerobiosis

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Institute of Biochemical Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany

Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany

Institute for Biology-Microbiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 12-16, 14195 Berlin, Germany

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Genes 2018, 9(6), 297; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9060297

Received: 9 March 2018 / Revised: 31 May 2018 / Accepted: 7 June 2018 / Published: 13 June 2018

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Metabolic Engineering)

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Abstract

Zero-growth processes are a promising strategy for the production of reduced molecules and depict a steady transition from aerobic to anaerobic conditions. To investigate the adaptation of Corynebacterium glutamicum to altering oxygen availabilities, we conceived a triple-phase fermentation process that describes a gradual reduction of dissolved oxygen with a shift from aerobiosis via microaerobiosis to anaerobiosis. The distinct process phases were clearly bordered by the bacteria’s physiologic response such as reduced growth rate, biomass substrate yield and altered yield of fermentation products. During the process, sequential samples were drawn at six points and analyzed via RNA-sequencing, for metabolite concentrations and for enzyme activities. We found transcriptional alterations of almost 50% (1421 genes) of the entire protein coding genes and observed an upregulation of fermentative pathways, a rearrangement of respiration, and mitigation of the basic cellular mechanisms such as transcription, translation and replication as a transient response related to the installed oxygen dependent process phases. To investigate the regulatory regime, 18 transcriptionally altered (putative) transcriptional regulators were deleted, but none of the deletion strains showed noticeable growth kinetics under an oxygen restricted environment. However, the described transcriptional adaptation of C. glutamicum resolved to varying oxygen availabilities provides a useful basis for future process and strain engineering. View Full-Text

Keywords: Corynebacterium glutamicum; transcriptional response; aerobiosis; microaerobiosis; anaerobiosis; triple-phase process

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lange, J.; Münch, E.; Müller, J.; Busche, T.; Kalinowski, J.; Takors, R.; Blombach, B. Deciphering the Adaptation of Corynebacterium glutamicum in Transition from Aerobiosis via Microaerobiosis to Anaerobiosis. Genes 2018, 9, 297. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9060297

AMA Style

Lange J, Münch E, Müller J, Busche T, Kalinowski J, Takors R, Blombach B. Deciphering the Adaptation of Corynebacterium glutamicum in Transition from Aerobiosis via Microaerobiosis to Anaerobiosis. Genes. 2018; 9(6):297. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9060297

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lange, Julian, Eugenia Münch, Jan Müller, Tobias Busche, Jörn Kalinowski, Ralf Takors, and Bastian Blombach. 2018. "Deciphering the Adaptation of Corynebacterium glutamicum in Transition from Aerobiosis via Microaerobiosis to Anaerobiosis" Genes 9, no. 6: 297. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9060297

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Deciphering the Adaptation of Corynebacterium glutamicum in Transition from Aerobiosis via Microaerobiosis to Anaerobiosis

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