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Article

Molecular Diagnosis of the Main Hemoparasites of Dairy Cows in the State of Ceará

by
Gilderlândio Pinheiro Rodrigues
1,
Beatriz Dantas Fernandes
2,
Bruno Vinicios Silva de Araújo
3,
Jaciara de Oliveira Jorge Costa
4,
Milena Melo Silva
1,
André de Macêdo Medeiros
5,
Arlei Marcili
6,
Juliana Fortes Vilarinho Braga
7 and
Michelly Fernandes de Macedo
1,*
1
Laboratory of Diagnostics in Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
2
Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies and Innovations in Animal Models, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
3
Laboratory of Morphophysiology Pharmacology, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
4
Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil
5
Department of Health Sciences I, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
6
Public Health Program, Santo Amaro University, UNISA, São Paulo 04829-300, SP, Brazil
7
Campus Profa Cinobelina Elvas, Federal University of Piauí, Bom Jesus 64900-000, PI, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Genes 2024, 15(11), 1369; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15111369
Submission received: 23 August 2024 / Revised: 30 September 2024 / Accepted: 11 October 2024 / Published: 24 October 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Genetics and Genomics)
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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Trypanosomiasis and bovine babesiosis correspond to important diseases that cause great economic losses, but there are still no studies evaluating their occurrence in herds of dairy cattle in Ceará. The aim of this study was to perform molecular diagnosis of the main hemoparasites of dairy cows in the microregion of the central hinterland of Ceará. Methods: For the molecular diagnosis of parasites, genomic material was extracted and polymerase chain reaction directed to the cdCatL-like gene for Trypanossoma vivax and SS rRNA of Babesia bigemina and Babesia. bovis was performed. In addition, the mean corpuscular volume of the samples was evaluated. The data were statistically processed. Results: T. vivax was detected in 0.40% (1/246) of the samples, while B. bigemina and B. bovis were detected in 20.62% (33/160) and 11.87% (19/160) of the samples, respectively. It was found that there was a reduction in mean corpuscular volume in animals that presented with co-infection and those infected by B. bovis only, but not in those hosting B. bigemina alone. The variables “purchase of recent animals” and “tick control” had no association with or influence on B. bovis and/or B. bigemina infection. It was possible to identify epidemiologically important factors that may facilitate the transmission of trypanosoma to healthy animals, such as the recent purchase of animals and use of the same needle and syringe for oxytocin application. Conclusions: The pathogens studied were present in the evaluated population. Daily cow management practices can facilitate the transmission of the diseases they cause.
Keywords: anemia; babesiosis; polymerase chain reaction; trypanosomiasis anemia; babesiosis; polymerase chain reaction; trypanosomiasis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Rodrigues, G.P.; Fernandes, B.D.; Araújo, B.V.S.d.; Costa, J.d.O.J.; Silva, M.M.; Medeiros, A.d.M.; Marcili, A.; Braga, J.F.V.; Macedo, M.F.d. Molecular Diagnosis of the Main Hemoparasites of Dairy Cows in the State of Ceará. Genes 2024, 15, 1369. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15111369

AMA Style

Rodrigues GP, Fernandes BD, Araújo BVSd, Costa JdOJ, Silva MM, Medeiros AdM, Marcili A, Braga JFV, Macedo MFd. Molecular Diagnosis of the Main Hemoparasites of Dairy Cows in the State of Ceará. Genes. 2024; 15(11):1369. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15111369

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rodrigues, Gilderlândio Pinheiro, Beatriz Dantas Fernandes, Bruno Vinicios Silva de Araújo, Jaciara de Oliveira Jorge Costa, Milena Melo Silva, André de Macêdo Medeiros, Arlei Marcili, Juliana Fortes Vilarinho Braga, and Michelly Fernandes de Macedo. 2024. "Molecular Diagnosis of the Main Hemoparasites of Dairy Cows in the State of Ceará" Genes 15, no. 11: 1369. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15111369

APA Style

Rodrigues, G. P., Fernandes, B. D., Araújo, B. V. S. d., Costa, J. d. O. J., Silva, M. M., Medeiros, A. d. M., Marcili, A., Braga, J. F. V., & Macedo, M. F. d. (2024). Molecular Diagnosis of the Main Hemoparasites of Dairy Cows in the State of Ceará. Genes, 15(11), 1369. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15111369

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