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10.3390/genes14030692
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Article

Loss of Rose Fragrance under Chilling Stress Is Associated with Changes in DNA Methylation and Volatile Biosynthesis

by
Limei Xie
1,2,†,
Xue Bai
1,2,†,
Hao Zhang
1,
Xianqin Qiu
1,
Hongying Jian
1,
Qigang Wang
1,
Huichun Wang
1,
Dedang Feng
1,
Kaixue Tang
1,* and
Huijun Yan
1,3,*
1
Flower Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
2
Institute of Resource Plants, Yunnan University, Kunming 650000, China
3
National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, Kunming 650000, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Genes 2023, 14(3), 692; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14030692
Submission received: 2 February 2023 / Revised: 8 March 2023 / Accepted: 8 March 2023 / Published: 10 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abiotic Stress in Land Plants: Molecular Genetics and Genomics)
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Abstract

Rose plants are widely cultivated as cut flowers worldwide and have economic value as sources of natural fragrance and flavoring. Rosa ‘Crimson Glory’, whose petals have a pleasant fragrance, is one of the most important cultivars of edible rose plants. Flower storage at low-temperature is widely applied in production to maintain quality; however, chilling results in a decrease in aromatic volatiles. To determine the molecular basis underlying the changes in aromatic volatile emissions, we investigated the changes in volatile compounds, DNA methylation patterns, and patterns of the transcriptome in response to chilling temperature. The results demonstrated that chilling roses substantially reduced aromatic volatile emissions. We found that these reductions were correlated with the changes in the methylation status of the promoters and genic regions of the genes involved in volatile biosynthesis. These changes mainly occurred for CHH (H = A, T, or C) which accounted for 51% of the total methylation. Furthermore, transcript levels of scent-related gene Germacrene D synthase (RhGDS), Nudix hydrolase 1 (RhNUDX1), and Phenylacetaldehyde reductase (RhPAR) of roses were strikingly depressed after 24 h at low-temperature and remained low-level after 24 h of recovery at 20 °C. Overall, our findings indicated that epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the chilling tolerance of roses and lays a foundation for practical significance in the production of edible roses.
Keywords: rose; flower scent; DNA methylation; chilling stress; gene expression rose; flower scent; DNA methylation; chilling stress; gene expression

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MDPI and ACS Style

Xie, L.; Bai, X.; Zhang, H.; Qiu, X.; Jian, H.; Wang, Q.; Wang, H.; Feng, D.; Tang, K.; Yan, H. Loss of Rose Fragrance under Chilling Stress Is Associated with Changes in DNA Methylation and Volatile Biosynthesis. Genes 2023, 14, 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14030692

AMA Style

Xie L, Bai X, Zhang H, Qiu X, Jian H, Wang Q, Wang H, Feng D, Tang K, Yan H. Loss of Rose Fragrance under Chilling Stress Is Associated with Changes in DNA Methylation and Volatile Biosynthesis. Genes. 2023; 14(3):692. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14030692

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xie, Limei, Xue Bai, Hao Zhang, Xianqin Qiu, Hongying Jian, Qigang Wang, Huichun Wang, Dedang Feng, Kaixue Tang, and Huijun Yan. 2023. "Loss of Rose Fragrance under Chilling Stress Is Associated with Changes in DNA Methylation and Volatile Biosynthesis" Genes 14, no. 3: 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14030692

APA Style

Xie, L., Bai, X., Zhang, H., Qiu, X., Jian, H., Wang, Q., Wang, H., Feng, D., Tang, K., & Yan, H. (2023). Loss of Rose Fragrance under Chilling Stress Is Associated with Changes in DNA Methylation and Volatile Biosynthesis. Genes, 14(3), 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14030692

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