Obstetric Complications and Polygenic Risk Score: Which Role in Predicting a Severe Short-Term Outcome in Psychosis?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Measures
2.2. Polygenic Risk Score Calculation
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Obstetric Complications and Outcomes
3.2. OCs and Genetics
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No OCs | 1–2 OCs | 3–5 OCs | X2 or ANOVA | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender, N (%) | Χ2(2) = 9.062, p = 0.011 | |||
Male | 94 (63.5%) | 38 (25.7%) | 16 (10.8%) | |
Female | 92 (79.3%) | 20 (17.2%) | 4 (3.4%) | |
Age at onset, years (sd) | 31.9 (9.5) | 29.2 (9.1) | 27.8 (8.7) | F(2, 261) = 3.133, p = 0.045 |
Diagnosis, N (%) | Χ2(4) = 11.479, p = 0.022 | |||
Schizophrenia (SCZ) | 40 (65.6%) | 11 (18.0%) | 10 (16.4%) | |
Affective psychosis | 44 (80.0%) | 10 (18.2%) | 1 (1.8%) | |
Other non-affective psychosis | 102 (68.9%) | 37 (25.0%) | 9 (6.1%) | |
Family history, N (%) | Χ2(4) = 2.641, p = 0.620 | |||
Positive | 61 (80.0%) | 23 (20.0%) | 11 (11.6%) | |
Negative | 97 (70.8%) | 31 (22.6%) | 9 (6.6%) | |
Unknown | 4 (80.0%) | 1 (20.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
PANSS, mean (sd) | ||||
Positive | 3.10 (1.03) | 3.01 (1.05) | 2.89 (.98) | F(2, 261) = 0.494, p = 0.611 |
Negative | 2.56 (1.38) | 2.24 (1.05) | 3.69 (1.52) | F(2, 260) = 8.804, p < 0.001 |
General | 2.64 (.75) | 2.52 (.60) | 2.82 (.84) | F(2, 260) = 1.315, p = 0.270 |
Total | 2.73 (.76) | 2.57 (.57) | 3.04 (.84) | F(2, 261) = 3.039, p = 0.050 |
GAF, N (%) | 38.78 (10.98) | 38.60 (10.40) | 37.75 (9.62) | F(2, 260) = 0.084, p = 0.920 |
2-Year Follow-up | |||
---|---|---|---|
Remitter N = 94 | Non-Remitter N = 26 | Fisher’s Exact Test | |
No OCs | 72 (83.7%) | 13 (16.3%) | 0.014 |
At least 1 OCs | 22 (64.7%) | 13 (35.3%) |
Improvement after 2 yrs | No OCs | 1–2 OCs | 3–5 OCs | X2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
PANSS, N (%) * | ||||
Positive < 50 | 25 (61%) | 12 (29.3%) | 4 (9.8%) | Χ2(2) = 1.221, p = 0.543 |
Positive ≥ 50 | 60 (68.2%) | 18 (20.5%) | 10 (11.4%) | |
Negative < 50 | 58 (68.2%) | 23 (27.1%) | 4 (4.7%) | Χ2(2) = 10.434, p = 0.005 |
Negative ≥ 50 | 27 (61.4%) | 7 (15.9%) | 10 (22.7%) | |
General < 50 | 51 (61.4%) | 22 (26.5%) | 10 (12.0%) | Χ2(2) = 2.062, p = 0.357 |
General ≥ 50 | 34 (73.9%) | 8 (17.4%) | 4 (8.7%) | |
Total < 50 | 51 (63.7%) | 22 (27.5%) | 7 (8.8%) | Χ2(2) = 2.475, p = 0.290 |
Total ≥ 50 | 32 (68.1%) | 8 (17.0%) | 7 (14.9%) | |
GAF, N (%) § | ||||
<50 | 32 (69.6%) | 10 (21.7%) | 4 (8.7%) | Χ2(2) = 0.658, p = 0.719 |
≥50 | 51 (63.0%) | 20 (24.7%) | 10 (12.3%) |
Remitter FU2 | ||
---|---|---|
OR | p-Value | |
At least 1 OC | 2.20 | 0.213 |
SCZ-PRS | 1.28 | 0.560 |
Interaction | 2.39 | 0.205 |
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Tosato, S.; Bonetto, C.; Vassos, E.; Lasalvia, A.; De Santi, K.; Gelmetti, M.; Cristofalo, D.; Richards, A.; Ruggeri, M.; on behalf of the PICOS-Veneto Group. Obstetric Complications and Polygenic Risk Score: Which Role in Predicting a Severe Short-Term Outcome in Psychosis? Genes 2021, 12, 1895. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12121895
Tosato S, Bonetto C, Vassos E, Lasalvia A, De Santi K, Gelmetti M, Cristofalo D, Richards A, Ruggeri M, on behalf of the PICOS-Veneto Group. Obstetric Complications and Polygenic Risk Score: Which Role in Predicting a Severe Short-Term Outcome in Psychosis? Genes. 2021; 12(12):1895. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12121895
Chicago/Turabian StyleTosato, Sarah, Chiara Bonetto, Evangelos Vassos, Antonio Lasalvia, Katia De Santi, Margherita Gelmetti, Doriana Cristofalo, Alexander Richards, Mirella Ruggeri, and on behalf of the PICOS-Veneto Group. 2021. "Obstetric Complications and Polygenic Risk Score: Which Role in Predicting a Severe Short-Term Outcome in Psychosis?" Genes 12, no. 12: 1895. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12121895