Next Article in Journal
Whole Genome Sequencing Indicates Heterogeneity of Hyperostotic Disorders in Dogs
Previous Article in Journal
A Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Volvariella volvacea Identified the Candidate Genes Involved in Fast Growth at the Mycelial Growth Stage
Previous Article in Special Issue
Identification of ADPKD-Related Genes and Pathways in Cells Overexpressing PKD2
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Genes
Volume 11
Issue 2
10.3390/genes11020162
genes-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Altered Hippocampal Epigenetic Regulation Underlying Reduced Cognitive Development in Response to Early Life Environmental Insults

by
Kyle M. Schachtschneider
1,2,3,
Michael E. Welge
3,
Loretta S. Auvil
3,
Sulalita Chaki
4,
Laurie A. Rund
4,
Ole Madsen
5,
Monica R.P. Elmore
4,
Rodney W. Johnson
4,
Martien A.M. Groenen
5 and
Lawrence B. Schook
1,3,4,*
1
Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
2
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
3
National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
4
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 616280, USA
5
Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University, 6708 Wageningen, The Netherlands
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Genes 2020, 11(2), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11020162
Submission received: 13 December 2019 / Revised: 30 January 2020 / Accepted: 1 February 2020 / Published: 4 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Next Gen Porcine Genetics and Genomics: Implications for Health)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

The hippocampus is involved in learning and memory and undergoes significant growth and maturation during the neonatal period. Environmental insults during this developmental timeframe can have lasting effects on brain structure and function. This study assessed hippocampal DNA methylation and gene transcription from two independent studies reporting reduced cognitive development stemming from early life environmental insults (iron deficiency and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSv) infection) using porcine biomedical models. In total, 420 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the reduced cognition and control groups, including genes involved in neurodevelopment and function. Gene ontology (GO) terms enriched for DEGs were associated with immune responses, angiogenesis, and cellular development. In addition, 116 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified, which overlapped 125 genes. While no GO terms were enriched for genes overlapping DMRs, many of these genes are known to be involved in neurodevelopment and function, angiogenesis, and immunity. The observed altered methylation and expression of genes involved in neurological function suggest reduced cognition in response to early life environmental insults is due to altered cholinergic signaling and calcium regulation. Finally, two DMRs overlapped with two DEGs, VWF and LRRC32, which are associated with blood brain barrier permeability and regulatory T-cell activation, respectively. These results support the role of altered hippocampal DNA methylation and gene expression in early life environmentally-induced reductions in cognitive development across independent studies.
Keywords: porcine biomedical models; hippocampus; cognitive development; DNA methylation; RNA-seq; machine learning porcine biomedical models; hippocampus; cognitive development; DNA methylation; RNA-seq; machine learning

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Schachtschneider, K.M.; Welge, M.E.; Auvil, L.S.; Chaki, S.; Rund, L.A.; Madsen, O.; Elmore, M.R.P.; Johnson, R.W.; Groenen, M.A.M.; Schook, L.B. Altered Hippocampal Epigenetic Regulation Underlying Reduced Cognitive Development in Response to Early Life Environmental Insults. Genes 2020, 11, 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11020162

AMA Style

Schachtschneider KM, Welge ME, Auvil LS, Chaki S, Rund LA, Madsen O, Elmore MRP, Johnson RW, Groenen MAM, Schook LB. Altered Hippocampal Epigenetic Regulation Underlying Reduced Cognitive Development in Response to Early Life Environmental Insults. Genes. 2020; 11(2):162. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11020162

Chicago/Turabian Style

Schachtschneider, Kyle M., Michael E. Welge, Loretta S. Auvil, Sulalita Chaki, Laurie A. Rund, Ole Madsen, Monica R.P. Elmore, Rodney W. Johnson, Martien A.M. Groenen, and Lawrence B. Schook. 2020. "Altered Hippocampal Epigenetic Regulation Underlying Reduced Cognitive Development in Response to Early Life Environmental Insults" Genes 11, no. 2: 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11020162

APA Style

Schachtschneider, K. M., Welge, M. E., Auvil, L. S., Chaki, S., Rund, L. A., Madsen, O., Elmore, M. R. P., Johnson, R. W., Groenen, M. A. M., & Schook, L. B. (2020). Altered Hippocampal Epigenetic Regulation Underlying Reduced Cognitive Development in Response to Early Life Environmental Insults. Genes, 11(2), 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11020162

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop