Uptake and Fate of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles: Nucleoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Late Endosomes as a New Gate to Intercellular Communication
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Extracellular Membrane Vesicles and Intercellular Communication at a Glance
2.1. Release of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles
2.2. Uptake of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles
2.3. Fate of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles upon Internalization
3. Nucleoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Late Endosomes: A New Gate to Intercellular Communication
3.1. Nuclear Envelope Invaginations
3.2. Nucleoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Late Endosomes
3.3. Transport of EV-Loaded Late Endosomes in Nucleoplasmic Reticulum
4. The VOR Complex: Interaction of VAP-A, ORP3, and Rab7
4.1. Inter-Organelle Contacts
4.2. Late Endosome–Nuclear Membrane Contact: Role of VAP-A–ORP3–Rab7 Interactions
4.3. Implication of Nuclear Pores in EV-Derived Cargo Nuclear Shuttling
5. Biological Functions
6. Perspectives and Future Directions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Retrograde Transport | Nuclear Envelope-Associated Early Endosomes | Nuclear Envelope Invagination-Associated Late Endosomes |
---|---|---|
Implication of Nuclear Pores | ||
YES | YES | YES |
Implication of Importin β1 | ||
YES | YES (a)/unclear (b) | YES |
Fusion of Endosome with the Outer Nuclear Membrane | ||
– | NO (a)/YES (b) | Not determined |
Implication of Sec61 Translocon Complex | ||
YES | unclear (a)/YES (b) | Not determined |
[240,241,243,244,245,246] | [232,236,238,242,246] | [5,91,160] |
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Corbeil, D.; Santos, M.F.; Karbanová, J.; Kurth, T.; Rappa, G.; Lorico, A. Uptake and Fate of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles: Nucleoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Late Endosomes as a New Gate to Intercellular Communication. Cells 2020, 9, 1931. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9091931
Corbeil D, Santos MF, Karbanová J, Kurth T, Rappa G, Lorico A. Uptake and Fate of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles: Nucleoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Late Endosomes as a New Gate to Intercellular Communication. Cells. 2020; 9(9):1931. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9091931
Chicago/Turabian StyleCorbeil, Denis, Mark F. Santos, Jana Karbanová, Thomas Kurth, Germana Rappa, and Aurelio Lorico. 2020. "Uptake and Fate of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles: Nucleoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Late Endosomes as a New Gate to Intercellular Communication" Cells 9, no. 9: 1931. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9091931