MicroRNAs as Prognostic Markers in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients—A Systematic Review
by
Jennifer Y. Barraclough 1,2,3,*,†, Michelyn Joan 2,†, Mugdha V. Joglekar 4, Anandwardhan A. Hardikar 4 and Sanjay Patel 1,2,3
Jennifer Y. Barraclough 1,2,3,*,†, Michelyn Joan 2,†, Mugdha V. Joglekar 4, Anandwardhan A. Hardikar 4 and Sanjay Patel 1,2,3
1
Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney 2050, Australia
2
Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
3
Heart Research Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia
4
NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Denotes Equal first Author.
Cells 2019, 8(12), 1572; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8121572
Received: 24 October 2019 / Revised: 23 November 2019 / Accepted: 2 December 2019 / Published: 4 December 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms in Metabolic Disease)
: Background: The potential utility of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of multiple disease states has been an area of great interest since their discovery. In patients with cardiovascular disease, there is a large pool of literature amassed from the last decade assessing their diagnostic and prognostic potential. This systematic review sought to determine whether existing literature supports the use of miRNAs as prognostic markers after an Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) presentation. Methods: A systematic review of published articles from 2005–2019 using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was undertaken independently by two reviewers. Studies addressing prognosis in an ACS population yielded 32 studies and 2 systematic reviews. Results/conclusion: 23 prospective studies reported significant differences in miRNA levels and 16 compared the predictive power of miRNAs. The most common miRNAs assessed included miR-133a, -208b, -21, -1, -34a, -150, and -423, shown to be involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Barriers to the use of miRNAs as prognostic markers include bias in miRNA selection, small sample size, variable normalization of data, and adjustment for confounders. Therefore, findings from this systematic review do not support the use of miRNAs for prognostication post-ACS beyond traditional cardiovascular risk factors, existing risk scores, and stratifications tools.
Keywords:
miRNA; biomarker; prognosis; acute coronary syndrome
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Barraclough, J.Y.; Joan, M.; Joglekar, M.V.; Hardikar, A.A.; Patel, S. MicroRNAs as Prognostic Markers in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients—A Systematic Review. Cells 2019, 8, 1572.
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