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Article

Ashwagandha Root Extract Mitigates Fibromyalgia-like Symptoms via Neurochemical and Histological Modulation in Mice

by
Razan Fawaz Hasanyn
1,2,
Ashwaq H. Batawi
1,*,
Mona A. AL-Thepyani
2,3,
Reham Tash
4,5,
Asma Almuhammadi
1,
Ashwaq Hassan Alsabban
1,6 and
Badrah S. Alghamdi
2,7
1
Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
2
Neuroscience and Geroscience Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
4
Anatomy and Embryology Departement, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 25724, Saudi Arabia
5
Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
6
Unit of Neurological Disorders, Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER.HD), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 25724, Saudi Arabia
7
Clinical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cells 2025, 14(18), 1478; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14181478
Submission received: 22 August 2025 / Revised: 15 September 2025 / Accepted: 19 September 2025 / Published: 22 September 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Stress and Intervention in Neurological Disease: In Honor of Dr. Jang-Yen Wu for His Long and Distinguished Career in Neuroscience)
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Abstract

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic disorder marked by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, mood disturbances, and cognitive impairments. Current treatments primarily focus on symptom management. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), a traditional Ayurvedic herb, is known for its adaptogenic and neuroprotective properties. This study evaluated the protective effects of the methanolic root extract of Ashwagandha (ARE) in a reserpine-induced fibromyalgia model in male Swiss albino mice. Mice received oral ARE (100 mg/kg) for 17 days and reserpine (0.5 mg/kg, subcutaneously) for three consecutive days to induce fibromyalgia-like symptoms. Behavioral assessments included Von Frey, tail suspension, rotarod, and Y-maze tests. Histological analysis was conducted on the hippocampus and thalamus; however, neurochemical analysis focused on markers such as serotonin, norepinephrine, IL-1β, TNFα, MDA, and NO. Results indicated that ARE significantly reduced pain and depressive-like behavior and improved motor function (p < 0.0001); however, no significant changes were observed in open-field locomotion. Histological examination revealed protection of Ashwagandha against neurodegeneration and improved hippocampal integrity, accompanied by increased serotonin and norepinephrine levels and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggest that Ashwagandha root extract may offer therapeutic benefits for managing fibromyalgia symptoms.
Keywords: Withania somnifera; fibromyalgia; behavior symptoms; neurochemical markers; hisopathology Withania somnifera; fibromyalgia; behavior symptoms; neurochemical markers; hisopathology

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hasanyn, R.F.; Batawi, A.H.; AL-Thepyani, M.A.; Tash, R.; Almuhammadi, A.; Alsabban, A.H.; Alghamdi, B.S. Ashwagandha Root Extract Mitigates Fibromyalgia-like Symptoms via Neurochemical and Histological Modulation in Mice. Cells 2025, 14, 1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14181478

AMA Style

Hasanyn RF, Batawi AH, AL-Thepyani MA, Tash R, Almuhammadi A, Alsabban AH, Alghamdi BS. Ashwagandha Root Extract Mitigates Fibromyalgia-like Symptoms via Neurochemical and Histological Modulation in Mice. Cells. 2025; 14(18):1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14181478

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hasanyn, Razan Fawaz, Ashwaq H. Batawi, Mona A. AL-Thepyani, Reham Tash, Asma Almuhammadi, Ashwaq Hassan Alsabban, and Badrah S. Alghamdi. 2025. "Ashwagandha Root Extract Mitigates Fibromyalgia-like Symptoms via Neurochemical and Histological Modulation in Mice" Cells 14, no. 18: 1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14181478

APA Style

Hasanyn, R. F., Batawi, A. H., AL-Thepyani, M. A., Tash, R., Almuhammadi, A., Alsabban, A. H., & Alghamdi, B. S. (2025). Ashwagandha Root Extract Mitigates Fibromyalgia-like Symptoms via Neurochemical and Histological Modulation in Mice. Cells, 14(18), 1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14181478

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