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Cells
Volume 14
Issue 16
10.3390/cells14161256
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Review

Fibroblast Growth Factors in Lung Development and Regeneration: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

by
Karolina Baran
1,†,
Kamila Skrzynska
1,†,
Aleksandra A. Czyrek
2,3,
Adrianna Wittek
1,
Daniel Krowarsch
1,
Anna Szlachcic
1,
Malgorzata Zakrzewska
1,* and
Julia Chudzian
1,*
1
Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
3
International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Cells 2025, 14(16), 1256; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14161256
Submission received: 18 July 2025 / Revised: 5 August 2025 / Accepted: 13 August 2025 / Published: 14 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanisms of Lung Growth and Regeneration)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play a key role in lung development by mediating complex interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal cells, which are central to processes such as branching morphogenesis, epithelial differentiation, and alveolarization. The findings regarding this interplay highlight the complexity of FGF signaling, as different FGFs contribute to various aspects of lung formation and maturation. Understanding the role of FGF proteins in shaping the lung is crucial for gaining insight into the biology of its development. Furthermore, FGFs orchestrate complex signaling pathways that regulate lung regeneration in adulthood. Therapeutic strategies targeting FGF-dependent pathways appear promising for repairing and improving lung function in diverse pulmonary diseases. In this review, we describe the current perception of the role of FGF proteins in lung development and regeneration, together with an overview of emerging therapeutic strategies aiming at FGF signaling in lung-related disorders.
Keywords: fibroblast growth factors; FGFR signaling; lung development; lung regeneration fibroblast growth factors; FGFR signaling; lung development; lung regeneration

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MDPI and ACS Style

Baran, K.; Skrzynska, K.; Czyrek, A.A.; Wittek, A.; Krowarsch, D.; Szlachcic, A.; Zakrzewska, M.; Chudzian, J. Fibroblast Growth Factors in Lung Development and Regeneration: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Cells 2025, 14, 1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14161256

AMA Style

Baran K, Skrzynska K, Czyrek AA, Wittek A, Krowarsch D, Szlachcic A, Zakrzewska M, Chudzian J. Fibroblast Growth Factors in Lung Development and Regeneration: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Cells. 2025; 14(16):1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14161256

Chicago/Turabian Style

Baran, Karolina, Kamila Skrzynska, Aleksandra A. Czyrek, Adrianna Wittek, Daniel Krowarsch, Anna Szlachcic, Malgorzata Zakrzewska, and Julia Chudzian. 2025. "Fibroblast Growth Factors in Lung Development and Regeneration: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential" Cells 14, no. 16: 1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14161256

APA Style

Baran, K., Skrzynska, K., Czyrek, A. A., Wittek, A., Krowarsch, D., Szlachcic, A., Zakrzewska, M., & Chudzian, J. (2025). Fibroblast Growth Factors in Lung Development and Regeneration: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Cells, 14(16), 1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14161256

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